Iinkqubo zokuyila ziye zaba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yomsebenzi wethu wemihla ngemihla, kangangokuba ukukhula okuyimpumelelo kunye nokuvuthwa kwenkqubo yoyilo kunokwenza okanye ukwaphule imveliso okanye iprojekthi. Amathokheni amakhulu, amacandelo kunye nombutho awanelanga - ngokuqhelekileyo inkcubeko kunye nokulungiswa okudala inkqubo ezinzileyo, eyamkelwe ngokubanzi. Kunokuba nzima ukufumanisa indawo esinokulichitha kuyo ixesha nengqalelo yethu. Sizakha kwaye sizilolonge njani iinkqubo zoyilo ezixhasa amaqela ethu, eziphucula umsebenzi wethu, kwaye zikhule kunye nathi?
Isicatshulwa: INkcubeko yeNkqubo yoYilo Inkcubeko yinto ehlekisayo. Sonke sine-intuition malunga nokuba kubaluleke kangakanani-ubuncinci siyazi ukuba sifuna ukusebenza kwinkcubeko enkulu kwaye siphephe ezo zinetyhefu. Kodwa inkcubeko idume ngokuba nzima ukuyichaza, kwaye ukuyitshintsha kunokuziva ngathi ngumlingo kunenyani. Inkcubeko yenkampani enye inokukhuthaza abanye kwaye ikruqule kwabanye, indawo yokukhula kwabanye kwaye icinezele abanye. Ukongeza kwi-nuance, inkampani yakho ayinayo inkcubeko iyonke kuphela, kodwa ineenkcubeko ezininzi. Kungenxa yokuba inkcubeko ayidalwanga nguye nawuphi na umntu. Inkcubeko yinto eyenzekayo xa iqela elifanayo labantu lihlanganisana ngokuphindaphindiweyo ekuhambeni kwexesha. Ke, njengoko inkampani ikhula, yongeza ulawulo kunye nolwakhiwo, amaqela aqulunqa malunga neenjongo ezithile, iimveliso, iimpawu, uqeqesho, njalo njalo, bonke baphuhlisa ezabo iinkcubeko. Mhlawumbi une-design subculture. Mhlawumbi unemveliso yobunini be-subculture. Mhlawumbi unokuba nenkcubeko ejikeleze abo bantu bangena kwi-Zoom umnxeba rhoqo ngoLwesibini kwisidlo sasemini ukuze badibanise kwaye bancokole. Kukho amakhulu okanye ngaphezulu kwe-subcultures kwimibutho enobungakanani obuhle. Kuntsonkothile, kunqabile, kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu. Xa umntu esokola ngendlela alawulwa ngayo, inkcubeko enye imenza akwazi ukunika ingxelo eyiyo kumphathi wakhe, ngelixa enye imkhokelela ekubeni akhangele umsebenzi omtsha. Xa inkampani ibonelela ngesidlo sasemini sasimahla ngoLwezihlanu, inkcubeko enye idala imvakalelo yokubulela ngale nzuzo; enye ikwenza uzive ngathi esi sidlo sasemini sasimahla siza nolindelo lokuba awunakuze ushiye umsebenzi. Inkcubeko enye ibeka phambili iziphumo zemali kunentsebenziswano enentlonipho. Enye inkcubeko ikhuthaza ukhuphiswano phakathi kwamaqela, ngoxa enye igxininisa intsebenziswano nabasebenza nabo. Kutheni iNkcubeko? Ekuqaleni kuka-2021, inkampani yam yacelwa ukuba incede isicwangciso sombutho omkhulu, ukuyila, kunye nokwakha inkqubo yoyilo ecaleni kwemveliso esebenzayo yombono omtsha wemveliso. Olu luhlobo lomsebenzi esiwuthanda ngokwenene, ngoko ke iqela lalinomdla wokutsibela ngaphakathi. Njengombhali wencwadi malunga neenkqubo zoyilo, andifuni nto ngaphandle kokukuxelela indlela olu nxibelelwano luhambe ngayo ngokumangalisayo. Kunoko, yaba ngumzabalazo omkhulu. Ngaphandle kolu hlobo lomsebenzi olugqibeleleyo kwiqela lam kunye nam ephepheni, kuye kwafuneka senze isigqibo esinzima sokuhamba kumxhasi wethu ekupheleni kwaloo nyaka. Akunjalo ngenxa yokuba asikwazanga ukwenza umsebenzi. Akunjalo ngenxa yayo nayiphi na imingeni yobugcisa okanye iinkxalabo zohlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Isizathu esasinika sona “yayikukungahambelani kwenkcubeko.” Phantse kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini ndiqhuba amashishini am, oku akuzange kwenzeke kum. Ngapha koko, abathengi bethu abezi kuthi kuba benayo yonke into - beza kuba besazi ukuba bafuna uncedo. Ukuba asikwazanga ukubakhokela kwixesha elinzima, kwakutheni ukuze sibekho!? Akufuneki ukuthetha, ayizange ihlale kakuhle kum. Ngoko ke, emva kokulandela imisonto embalwa engenamsebenzi yoloyiko esingakwaziyo ukuyinqumla, ndichithe unyaka olandelayo ndintywila kumngxuma womvundla wophando ngenkcubeko yombutho. Eli candelo lilandelayo lisisishwankathelo sento endiyifundileyo kulo nyaka kunye nendlela ebendiyisebenzisa ngayo ukusukela oko. Ukuqala, makhe sifumane ukuqonda okuqhelekileyo ukuba yintoni na inkcubeko. Yintoni Inkcubeko? Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, kuninzi okuthethiweyo malunga nenkcubeko yendawo yokusebenza. Ukusuka ekuqondeni ukuba kutheni ibalulekile kwaye iyichaphazela njani indlela esikhokela ngayo, ukuya ekunikezeni iindlela zokuyitshintsha. Ndifumene ixabiso elikhulu kuphando nakwimibhalo ka-Edgar Schein, ithiyori yeshishini kunye nengcali yezengqondo. I-Schein inikezela ngemodeli elula yokuchaza ukuba yintoni na inkcubeko, iyahlula ibe ngamanqanaba amathathu:
Izinto zakudala I-Artifacts yinqanaba eliphezulu lemodeli ye-Schein. Ezi zizinto abantu abacinga ngazo xa usithi "inkcubeko" - izinto ezibonakalayo ezinikezelwa yinkampani. Ndakha ndasebenza kwindawo apho sasikwazi iindleko zokuzisa iidonuts zeqela. Omnye umsebenzi endandiwulungiselele itafile ye-foosball. Enye inkampani yasikhuthaza ukuba veki nganye sipheke kunye isidlo sasemini. Ezi ntlobo zezinto, kunye neI-swag yenkampani, itshaneli e-Slack apho ufumana khona ukuqhayisa ngoontanga bakho, kwaye ukurhoxa kwenkampani zonke "ziizinto" zenkcubeko yenkampani yakho. Imilinganiselo Neenkolelo Ezixhasiweyo Uluhlu olulandelayo lubizwa ngokuba "ziinqobo ezixabisekileyo kunye neenkolelo." Yile nto abantu abangaphakathi kwinkcubeko abathi bayayikholelwa. Luluhlu lwamaxabiso, ingxelo yobuthunywa, umbono. Ingumxholo kwiwebhusayithi kwaye ifakwe kwiindonga. Yizinto olindele ukuzifumana xa usamkela umsebenzi kuba yindlela abantu abaphendula ngayo yonke imibuzo yakho kulo lonke udliwano-ndlebe. Iingqikelelo ezisisiseko Owona maleko unzulu ubizwa ngokuba “ziingqikelelo ezisisiseko.” Le yinto abantu abangaphakathi kwintlangano abayikholelwa ngokwenene. Yindlela iinkokeli kunye nabasebenzi abaziphatha ngayo, ngakumbi phezu kwesigqibo esinzima. Lo maleko yingcambu yenkcubeko yakho. Kwaye kungakhathaliseki ukuba ubonisa ntoni (izinto zakudala), kungakhathaliseki ukuba uthetha ntoni (iinkolelo ezixhasiweyo), izinto ozikholelwayo (iingqikelelo ezingaphantsi) ziya kuphuma ekugqibeleni. Iqala Emazantsi Njengomqeshwa, uya kufumana ezi zinto ukusuka phezulu ukuya phezulu. Ngosuku lwakho lokuqala, ubona okwenzekayo okukungqongileyo-ubona izinto zakudala zenkcubeko. Ekugqibeleni, uye wazi abantu abambalwa. Njengoko usiba neencoko ezininzi kunye nabo, uyakuqala ukuva ukuba bathetha njani malunga nenkcubeko - iinkolelo zabo. Ngexesha elithile, abantu abangaphakathi kwinkcubeko yakho baya kujongana neemeko ezinzima. Kulapho irabha idibana khona nendlela kwaye xa uya kufunda ukuba zeziphi iingcinga ezisisiseko zabantu. Imibutho engafanelekanga ayinayo inkqubo yokujonga kwaye ixabise ezo ngcinga zisisiseko. Imibutho esempilweni iyazi ukuba inkcubeko iqala ngeengcinga ezisisiseko zomntu ngamnye enkampanini. Imibutho engafanelekanga izama ukwenza inkcubeko kunye ne-perks kunye neengxelo zobuthunywa. Imibutho enempilo ivumela iileya ezimbini eziphezulu ukuba zivele ngokwemvelo ukusuka kwinqanaba elisezantsi. Xa iingqikelelo ezisisiseko ezisisiseko zingahambelani neenkolelo ezixhasiweyo kunye nezinto zobugcisa, ukuqhawulwa konxibelelwano kunamandla. Kudla ngokuba nzima ukuyichaza le ngxaki, kodwa abantu baya kuyiva. Le yinkampani enexabiso eliphambili "losapho lokuqala" elifuna ukuba uhambe ngalo lonke ixesha ngaphandle kokuqaphela impembelelo enalo kusapho lwakho lokwenyani. Inkolelo ecetywayo yokubeka phambili usapho ayixhaswa ngokubonakalayo kwizigqibo ezenziwayo. Amandla kunye nobuthathaka Sonke siyazazi ezi zinto, kwaye oko kubonakala kulwimi esilusebenzisayo njengoko sithetha ngenkcubeko yombutho. Sithanda ukusebenzisa amagama athi “omelele” kunye “nobuthathaka” ukuchaza inkcubeko. Unokuthi, "Le nkampani inenkcubeko eyomeleleyo." Le nkcazo ibonakalisa ukuba iileya zilungelelanisiwe, kwaye oko kuthetha ukuba inkcubeko ngokwayo isebenza njengendlela yokukhokela izigqibo. Ukuba sonke sinemilinganiselo efanayo, sinokuthemba amandla omnye komnye okwenza izigqibo eziya kuhambelana naloo milinganiselo. Kwelinye icala, umbutho onenkcubeko ebuthathaka uyaphoswa kukulungelelana phakathi kwezinto abazithethayo kunye nezigqibo abazenzayo. Ezi nkcubeko zihlala zisongeza imigaqo-nkqubo kunye neenkqubo ukuze kugcinwe ukuziphatha komntu ngamnye. Kule meko, inkcubeko ibuthathaka kuba ayiboneleli ngesikhokelo sendalo eyomeleleyo inkcubeko eyenzayo - ukungahambi kakuhle kuthetha ukuba izinto esikhetha ukuzenza zahlukile kwizinto esizithethayo. Oko akuthethi ukuba imigaqo-nkqubo neenkqubo zimbi. Njengoko iinkampani zikhula, kukho imfuneko yokubhala izinto ezilindelwe ngabantu. Ubume obusebenzayo benkcubeko eyomeleleyo kuthetha ukuba la maxwebhu ahlala abe sesikweni koko kuye kwavela ngokwemvelo, ngelixa inkcubeko ebuthathaka isabela kwiimeko ezimbi ngethemba lokuthintela ububi ukuba bungenzeki kwakhona. Inqaku loMhleli Ngaba uyayithanda into oyifundileyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku? Le yingcaphuno nje yencwadi ezayo kaBen, IiNkqubo zoYilo lokuKhula, apho ephonononga i-anatomy yenkqubo yoyilo, ichaza indlela inkcubeko eyenza ngayo iziphumo, kwaye yabelane ngesikhokelo esisebenzayo kwimingeni kwinqanaba ngalinye - ukusuka ekwakheni i-v1 kunye nokukhulisa ukwamkelwa okunempilo ukuya ekuhambeni "kwiminyaka yeshumi elivisayo" kwaye ekugqibeleni iqhuba inkqubo ezinzileyo, enefuthe. Isiqulatho
UmxholoIntshayelelo kumxholo weenkqubo zoyilo, ukuqonda ukuba bahlala phi kumbutho wakho, yintoni ebondlayo, nokuba kufuneka uyakhe. Uyilo lweNkqubo yeNkcubekoUkuntywila nzulu kwinto yenkcubeko, kutheni kubalulekile ukuba amaqela enkqubo yoyilo aqonde, kwayeivula njani ukukwazi kwakho ukuhambisa ixabiso lokwenyani. I-Anatomy yeNkqubo yoYiloUphononongo lweeleya kunye namalungu enza inkqubo yoyilo esekelwe kuvavanyo lwamakhulu eenkqubo zoyilo kwiminyaka emininzi. I-MaturityAn overview ye-design system yokukhula imodeli equka izigaba ezine zokuvuthwa, amabali emvelaphi, isakhelo sokuvuthwa ngendlela enempilo, kunye nesakhelo sokudala uzinzo lwenkqubo yoyilo. Inqanaba loku-1, iNguqulelo yoKwakha i-OneA ukuntywila kwinto ekuthethwa ngayo ukuba kwisigaba 1 sokuvuthwa kwenkqubo yoyilo kunye neemodeli ezimbalwa zengqondo ukugcina ugxininise kwizinto ezifanelekileyo kweli nqanaba lokuqala. Inqanaba lesi-2, i-Adoption ekhulayo yokuLawula inqanaba lesi-2 lemodeli yokuvuthwa kwenkqubo yoyilo kunye nokuntywila ngokunzulu kukwamkelwa: ukwandisa imbono yakho malunga nokwamkelwa komntwana, igophe lokwamkelwa, kunye nendlela yokudala ukwamkelwa okuzinzileyo. Inqanaba lesi-3, Ukusinda kwiMinyaka yoBufikisa Ukuqonda iinkxalabo ezifanelekileyo zenqanaba lesi-3 lemodeli yokuvuthwa kwenkqubo yoyilo kunye nendlela yokujongana nemiceli mngeni entsonkothileyo eza neli nqanaba lokuvuthwa. Inqanaba lesi-4, ukuPhucula iNkqubo yeMpiloUkuphonononga ukuba kuthetha ukuthini ukuba kwinqanaba lesi-4 lemodeli yokuvuthwa kwenkqubo yoyilo, xa uye waba yinkokeli enempembelelo emehlweni ombutho wakho wonke.
Malunga noMbhali
UBen Callahan ungumbhali, umphandi wenkqubo yoyilo, umqeqeshi, kunye nesithethi. Waseka i-Redwoods, uluntu lwenkqubo yoyilo, kunye noMbuzo, iforamu yeveki yokufunda ngokubambisana. Njengomlingane osungulayo kwi-Sparkbox, unceda imibutho ukuba ifake inkcubeko yabantu kwiinkqubo zabo zoyilo. Umsebenzi wakhe udibanisa abantu kunye neenkqubo, ugxininisa ukukhula okuzinzileyo, ukulungelelaniswa kweqela, kunye nefuthe elinentsingiselo kwitekhnoloji. Ukholelwa ukuba yonke intsebenziswano lithuba lokufunda.
Iingqinisiso zabavavanyi "Le ncwadi yiplani ecacileyo kunye nengqiqo yeenkqubo zokuyila ukukhula kwinqanaba. Kumaqela axhaswa kakuhle, inika isicwangciso kunye nokucaca okusekelwe kwimizekelo yokwenyani. Kumaqela amancinci afana neyam, isebenza njengeNkwenkwezi yaseMntla ekunceda ukuba ukhuthaze umsebenzi kwaye ufumane izisombululo ezihambelana nokuvuthwa kweqela lakho. Ndiyincoma kakhulu kuye nabani na owakha inkqubo yokuyila.”— Lenora Porter, uMyili weMveliso.
"UBen uzoba unxibelelwano phakathi kwenkqubo, intsebenziswano, kunye nesazisi ngeendlela eziziva ziqondakala kwaye zityhila." Uninzi lweencwadi zenkqubo yoyilo zihlala ngokukhululeka kubuchule kunye nobuchwephesha, kodwa le nto ihamba ngaphaya kwendlela kwaye ingene ngoba kutheni - imema abafundi ukuba bacinge ngeendima zabo hayi njengabanini bemveliso, abaqulunqi okanye iinjineli, kodwa njengabaphathi bokuqonda okwabelwanayo ngaphakathi kwenkqubo enzima, endaweni yoko ikhuthaza izisombululo. ukuzibuza kunye nokulungelelaniswa, ukucela abafundi ukuba bacinge ngendlela abanokuzisa ngayo iinjongo, uvelwano, kunye nokomelela kwiinkqubo abazichukumisayo.”— UTarunya Varma, uMphathi woYilo lweMveliso, iTide.
"IiNkqubo zoYilo oluQolisayo zikaBen Callahan zibeka ulwimi kwimizabalazo uninzi lwethu oluvakalelwa ngayo kodwa alukwazi ukuchaza kakuhle. Ityhila impembelelo efihlakeleyo yenkcubeko, ukuseta, kunye nobunkokeli, ikubonelela ngokucaca, izixhobo kunye nezicwangciso zokulungisa kwaye uqhubele phambili umsebenzi wakho wenkqubo, nokuba uhamba ngesiqalo esikhulayo okanye ishishini elikhulayo, i-Autho ye-Autho, i-Autho ye-Autho, i-Autho ye-Autho, i-Nesar, i-Autho, i-Autho, i-Autho ye-Autho, i-Autho ye-Design, kunye ne-Nes. Isikhokelo esisebenzayo kuLuhlu lweNkqubo yoYilo”
Ungaphoswa! Ukutyhubela iminyaka yodliwano-ndlebe, uqeqesho, kunye nokubonisana, uBen ufumene imodeli yendlela iinkqubo zoyilo ezikhula ngayo. Ukuqonda indlela iinkqubo ezithanda ukukhula ngayo kukuvumela ukuba wenze inkqubo ezinzileyo ejikeleze inkqubo yakho yoyilo-evumayo icala lomntu kunye notshintsho lolawulo lwalo msebenzi, hayi nje ubuchwephesha kunye nobuchule. Le ncwadi iya kuba sisixhobo esixabisekileyo kuye nabani na osebenza ngeenkqubo zokuyila! Lisasaze iLizwi Bhalisela incwadana yethu yeendaba kwaye ube ngomnye wabokuqala ukwazi ukuba iiNkqubo zoYilo lokuKhula ziyafumaneka ukuze zi-odolwe. Asinakulinda ukwabelana nawe ngale ncwadi!
