Sisitemu yo gushushanya yahindutse igice cyibikorwa byacu bya buri munsi, kuburyo gukura neza no gukura kwa sisitemu yogushushanya bishobora gukora cyangwa kumena ibicuruzwa cyangwa umushinga. Ibimenyetso bikomeye, ibice hamwe nu muteguro ntibihagije - akenshi usanga umuco no gutunganya bikora sisitemu irambye, yemewe na benshi. Birashobora kugorana kumenya aho dushora igihe no kwitondera. Nigute twubaka kandi tugakomeza sisitemu yo gushushanya ishyigikira amakipe yacu, kuzamura umurimo, no gukura hamwe natwe?
Igice: Gushushanya Sisitemu Umuco Umuco nikintu gisekeje. Twese dufite ubushishozi bwingirakamaro - byibuze tuzi ko dushaka gukorera mumico ikomeye no kwirinda uburozi. Ariko umuco uzwiho kugorana kubisobanura, kandi kubihindura birashobora kumva nkubumaji kuruta ukuri. Umuco umwe wikigo urashobora gutera umwete bamwe kandi urambiranye kubandi, ahantu ho gukura kuri bamwe no kunangira abandi. Wongeyeho kuri nuance, ntabwo isosiyete yawe ifite umuco muri rusange, ariko ifite subcultures nyinshi. Ibyo biterwa nuko umuco utaremwa numuntu uwo ariwe wese. Umuco nikintu kibaho mugihe itsinda rimwe ryabantu bateraniye hamwe inshuro nyinshi mugihe. Rero, uko isosiyete ikura, ikongeramo urwego nuburyo, amatsinda yashinzwe hafi yintego zihariye, ibicuruzwa, ibiranga, disipuline, nibindi, byose biteza imbere subcultures zabo. Birashoboka ko ufite igishushanyo mbonera. Birashoboka ko ufite ibicuruzwa nyirizina subculture. Ushobora no kuba ufite subculture ikora hafi yabantu binjira kuri Zoom guhamagara buri wa kabiri saa sita zo kuboha no kuganira. Hano hari amajana cyangwa menshi ya subcultures kumiryango myinshi nini-nini. Biragoye, byuzuye, kandi ni ngombwa cyane. Iyo umuntu ku giti cye arwana nuburyo ayoborwa, umuco umwe ubafasha gutanga ibitekerezo byukuri kuri shobuja, mugihe undi ubayobora gushaka akazi gashya. Iyo isosiyete itanga ifunguro rya sasita kubuntu kuwa gatanu, umuco umwe utera gushimira kubwiyi nyungu; ikindi kigutera kumva ko iyi sasita yubusa izanwa no gutegereza ko udashobora kuva kukazi. Umuco umwe ushyira imbere ibisubizo byamafaranga kuruta imikoranire yiyubashye. Umuco umwe ushishikariza amarushanwa hagati yamakipe, mugihe undi ashimangira ubufatanye nabakozi mukorana. Kuki Umuco? Mu ntangiriro za 2021, isosiyete yanjye yasabwe gufasha gahunda nini yumuteguro, gushushanya, no kubaka sisitemu yo gushushanya hamwe nibicuruzwa byibuze bifatika byibitekerezo bishya. Nibikorwa dukunda byukuri, ikipe rero yishimiye gusimbuka. Nkumwanditsi wigitabo kivuga kuri sisitemu yo gushushanya, nta kindi nshaka usibye kukubwira uburyo bitangaje iyi mihigo yagenze. Ahubwo, byari urugamba rukomeye. Nubwo iki aricyo gikorwa cyiza kumurwi wanjye nanjye ku mpapuro, byabaye ngombwa ko dufata icyemezo kitoroshye cyo kuva kure yumukiriya wacu mu mpera zuwo mwaka. Ntabwo ari ukubera ko tudashobora gukora akazi. Ntabwo ari ukubera ibibazo bya tekiniki cyangwa ibibazo byingengo yimari. Impamvu twatanze ni "kudahuza umuco." Mu myaka hafi makumyabiri nkora imishinga yanjye bwite, ibi ntabwo byari byambayeho. Erega, abakiriya bacu ntibatugana kuko bafite byose babimenye - baza kuko bazi ko bakeneye ubufasha. Niba tudashobora kubayobora mugihe kigoye, kuki twabayeho!? Ntawabura kuvuga, ntabwo byicaye neza nanjye. Noneho, nyuma yo gukurikira insanganyamatsiko nkeya zidafite akamaro zubwoba ko tudashobora kugabanya, namaze umwaka utaha ndohama umwobo wurukwavu rwubushakashatsi kumico yubuyobozi. Iki gice gikurikira nincamake yibyo nize muri uwo mwaka nuburyo nagiye nkoresha kuva. Gutangira, reka dushake imyumvire imwe yumuco icyo aricyo. Umuco ni iki? Mu myaka mike ishize, havuzwe byinshi kubyerekeye umuco wakazi. Uhereye ku gusobanukirwa impamvu bifite akamaro nuburyo bigira ingaruka muburyo tuyobora, gutanga uburyo bwo kubihindura. Nabonye agaciro gakomeye mubushakashatsi ninyandiko za Edgar Schein, umuhanga mubucuruzi nubumenyi bwimitekerereze. Schein itanga icyitegererezo cyoroshye cyo gusobanura umuco icyo aricyo, ukagabanyamo ibice bitatu:
Ibicuruzwa Ibihangano nurwego rwo hejuru rwicyitegererezo cya Schein. Ibi ni ibintu abantu batekereza iyo uvuze "umuco" - ibice bigaragara isosiyete itanga. Nigeze gukorera ahantu twashoboraga gukoresha amafaranga yo kuzana amakipe. Akandi kazi nari natanze kumeza yumupira wamaguru. Isosiyete imwe yaduteye inkunga yo guteka saa sita hamwe buri cyumweru. Ubwoko bwibintu, hamwe naisosiyete swag, umuyoboro muri Slack aho ubona kwirata kuri bagenzi bawe, kandi umwiherero wikigo ni "ibihangano" byumuco wawe. Indangagaciro n'imyizerere Igice gikurikiraho cyitwa "indangagaciro n'imyizerere." Ibi nibyo abantu bari mumico bavuga ko bizera. Ni urutonde rwindangagaciro, ubutumwa bwubutumwa, icyerekezo. Nibiri kurubuga kandi byanditseho kurukuta. Nibintu utegereje kubona mugihe wemeye akazi kuko nuburyo abantu basubije ibibazo byawe byose mugihe cyibazwa. Shingiro Shingiro Igice cyimbitse cyitwa "ibyingenzi byibanze." Ibi nibyo abantu bari mumuryango bizera mubyukuri. Nuburyo ubuyobozi n'abakozi bitwara, cyane imbere yicyemezo kitoroshye. Uru rwego ni umuzi wumuco wawe. Kandi uko waba werekana kose (ibihangano), uko wavuga kose (imyizerere ishyigikiwe), ibintu wemera (ibitekerezo byihishe) bizasohoka amaherezo. Bitangirira Hasi Nkumukozi, uzahura nibi bintu kuva hejuru. Ku munsi wawe wambere, witegereza ibibera hafi yawe - urabona ibihangano byumuco. Amaherezo, uramenya abantu bake. Mugihe ufite ibiganiro byinshi kandi byinshi nabo, uzatangira kumva uburyo bavuga kubyerekeye umuco - imyizerere yabo. Igihe kimwe, abantu mumico yawe bazahura nibibazo bitoroshye. Aha niho reberi ihurira n'umuhanda nigihe uzamenya icyo abo bantu shingiro bashingiyeho. Amashyirahamwe atari meza ntabwo afite inzira yo kugaragara no guha agaciro ibyo bitekerezo byihishe. Amashyirahamwe mazima azi ko umuco utangirira kubitekerezo byibanze bya buri muntu muri sosiyete. Amashyirahamwe atari meza agerageza gushiraho umuco hamwe na perks hamwe nubutumwa. Amashyirahamwe afite ubuzima bwiza yemerera ibice bibiri byambere kugaragara mubisanzwe bivuye hasi. Iyo ibanze shingiro ryibitekerezo bidahuje imyizerere n'ibihangano byatanzwe, gutandukana birakomeye. Akenshi biragoye kuvuga ikibazo, ariko abantu bazabyumva. Nisosiyete ifite agaciro kingenzi k '"umuryango ubanza" igusaba gukora ingendo igihe cyose utazi ingaruka igira kumuryango wawe nyirizina. Imyizerere yatanzwe yo gushyira imbere umuryango ntabwo ishyigikiwe cyane mubyemezo bifatwa. Imbaraga n'intege nke Twese tuzi neza ibi bintu, kandi ibyo bigaragarira mururimi dukoresha mugihe tuvuga umuco wumuryango. Dukunze gukoresha amagambo "akomeye" n "" intege nke "kugirango dusobanure umuco. Urashobora kuvuga, “Iyo sosiyete ifite umuco ukomeye.” Aya magambo yerekana ko ibice byahujwe, kandi bivuze ko umuco ubwawo uba inzira yo kuyobora ibyemezo. Niba twese dusangiye indangagaciro, turashobora kwizerana ubushobozi bwa buri wese bwo gufata ibyemezo bizahuza nizo ndangagaciro. Ku rundi ruhande, umuryango ufite umuco udakomeye wabuze guhuza ibintu bavuga nibyemezo bafata. Iyi mico ikunze kongeramo politiki nuburyo bukoreshwa kugirango abapolisi imyitwarire yabantu. Muri iki gihe, umuco ufite intege nke kuko udatanga ubuyobozi kama umuco ukomeye ukora - kudahuza bisobanura ibintu duhitamo gukora bitandukanye nibintu tuvuga. Ntabwo bivuze ko politiki nibikorwa ari bibi. Mugihe ibigo bikura, hakenewe kwandika ibyateganijwe kubantu. Imiterere yibikorwa byumuco ukomeye bivuze ko izo nyandiko akenshi ari ugushyira ahagaragara ibyagaragaye muburyo bwimikorere, mugihe umuco udakomeye witwara mubihe bibi wizeye ko ibibi bitazongera kubaho. Icyitonderwa cya Muhinduzi Ukunda ibyo wasomye kugeza ubu? Iki nigice gusa cyigitabo cya Ben kigiye kuza, Maturing Design Systems, aho akora ubushakashatsi kuri anatomiya ya sisitemu yo gushushanya, agasobanura uburyo umuco uhindura ibisubizo, akanasangira ubuyobozi bufatika kubibazo kuri buri cyiciro - kuva kubaka v1 no gukura kwakirwa neza kugeza kugendana n "imyaka yingimbi" hanyuma amaherezo akayobora sisitemu ihamye, ikomeye. Imbonerahamwe
ContextKu kumenyekanisha kubijyanye na sisitemu yo gushushanya, gusobanukirwa aho batuye mumuryango wawe, ibibagaburira, kandi niba ugomba kubaka imwe. Igishushanyo cya Sisitemu Umuco Wibire cyane mumico icyo aricyo, kuki ari ngombwa kubitsinda rya sisitemu yo gushushanya kubyumva, kandiuburyo ifungura ubushobozi kuriwe bwo gutanga agaciro nyako. Anatomy ya sisitemu yo gushushanyaUbushakashatsi bwibice nibice bigize sisitemu yo gushushanya ishingiye ku isuzuma rya sisitemu yo gushushanya mu myaka myinshi. GukuraKu kurebera hamwe igishushanyo mbonera cya sisitemu yo gukura harimo ibyiciro bine byo gukura, inkuru zinkomoko, urwego rwo gukura muburyo buzira umuze, hamwe nurwego rwo gushiraho igishushanyo mbonera cya sisitemu. Icyiciro cya 1, Kubaka verisiyo OneA kwibira mubyo bisobanura kuba mucyiciro cya 1 cyo gushushanya sisitemu yo gushushanya hamwe na moderi nkeya zo mumutwe kugirango ukomeze kwibanda kubintu byiza muriki cyiciro cyambere. Icyiciro cya 2, Gukura Kurera Gukuramo Icyiciro cya 2 cyuburyo bwa sisitemu yo gukura ikuze hamwe no kwibira cyane muburyo bwo kwakirwa: kwagura ibitekerezo byawe kubyerekeye kurerwa, umurongo wo kurera, nuburyo bwo gushiraho uburyo burambye bwo kurera. Icyiciro cya 3, Kurokoka Imyaka YingimbiKwumva impungenge zijyanye nicyiciro cya 3 cyuburyo bwa sisitemu yo gukura nuburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo bitoroshye bizanwa nuru rwego rwo gukura. Icyiciro cya 4, Gutezimbere Gahunda NzizaGushakisha icyo bisobanura kuba muri etape ya 4 yuburyo bwa sisitemu yo gukura, mugihe wabaye umuyobozi ukomeye mumaso yumuryango wawe wose.
Ibyerekeye Umwanditsi
Ben Callahan ni umwanditsi, umushakashatsi wa sisitemu, umutoza, akaba n'umuvugizi. Yashinze Redwoods, umuryango wa sisitemu yo gushushanya, hamwe n'Ikibazo, ihuriro rya buri cyumweru ryo kwigira hamwe. Nkumufatanyabikorwa washinze Sparkbox, afasha amashyirahamwe kwinjiza umuco ushingiye kubantu muri sisitemu zabo. Ibikorwa bye bihuza abantu na sisitemu, ashimangira iterambere rirambye, guhuza amakipe, ningaruka zifatika mubuhanga. Yizera ko imikoranire yose ari amahirwe yo kwiga.
Ubuhamya bw'abasubiramo "Iki gitabo ni igishushanyo mbonera gisobanutse kandi gifite ubushishozi bwo gukura mu buryo bwa sisitemu yo gushushanya ku gipimo. Ku makipe ashyigikiwe neza, atanga ingamba no gusobanuka gushingiye ku ngero zifatika. Ku makipe mato nk'ayanjye, akora nk'inyenyeri yo mu majyaruguru igufasha kunganira umurimo no kubona ibisubizo bihuye no gukura kw'ikipe yawe. Ndasaba cyane umuntu wese wubaka sisitemu yo gushushanya." - Lenora Porter, Ibishushanyo mbonera.
"Ben ashyiraho isano hagati yimikorere, ubufatanye, nindangamuntu muburyo bwunvikana kandi butangaje. Ibitabo byinshi bya sisitemu yo gushushanya bibaho neza muburyo bwa tekiniki na tekiniki, ariko iki kikaba kirenze uburyo n'impamvu - guhamagarira abasomyi gutekereza ku nshingano zabo atari nka ba nyir'ibicuruzwa, abashushanya cyangwa injeniyeri, ariko nk'ibisonga by’ubwumvikane busangiwe mu mashyirahamwe akomeye. Ahubwo, birashiraho uburyo bwo kwishakamo ibisubizo. kubabarana, no kwihangana muri sisitemu bakoraho. ”- Tarunya Varma, Umuyobozi ushinzwe Ibicuruzwa, Tide
"Sisitemu yo gukura ya Ben Callahan" ishyira imvugo kurugamba benshi muri twe bumva ariko ntibashobora gusobanura neza. Ipakurura ingaruka zihishe z'umuco, imiterere, n'ubuyobozi, iguha ibisobanuro, ibikoresho, hamwe nuburyo bwo gukosora amasomo no gukosora sisitemu yawe igatera imbere, waba ugenda utangira gukura cyangwa umushinga ugenda utera imbere. "- Ness Grixti, Design Lead, Sisitemu,
Ntucikwe! Binyuze mumyaka yabajijwe, gutoza, no kugisha inama, Ben yavumbuye icyitegererezo cyukuntu sisitemu yo gushushanya ikura. Gusobanukirwa uburyo sisitemu ikunda kugufasha igufasha gukora gahunda irambye hafi ya sisitemu yogushushanya - imwe yemera uruhande rwabantu nimpinduka-gucunga iki gikorwa, ntabwo ari tekiniki gusa no guhanga. Iki gitabo kizaba umutungo wingenzi kubantu bose bakorana na sisitemu yo gushushanya! Gukwirakwiza Ijambo Iyandikishe kumakuru yacu ya Smashing kandi ube umwe mubambere bamenye igihe Gukura Ibishushanyo mbonera biboneka kubitumenyesha. Ntidushobora gutegereza gusangira nawe iki gitabo!
