Ezinsukwini zakuqala zewebhu, ibha yokusesha yayiwukunethezeka, yengezwe kusayithi uma seliba "likhulu kakhulu" ukuzulazula ngokuchofoza. Siyiphathe njengenkomba engemuva kwencwadi: uhlu lwamagama angokoqobo, lwezinhlamvu ezikhomba emakhasini athile. Uma uthayipha igama eliqondile umbhali alisebenzisile, uthole lokho obukudinga. Uma ungazange, uhlangatshezwe nesikrini esithi "0 Imiphumela Etholiwe" ezwakale njengesiphetho sedijithali. Eminyakeni engamashumi amabili nanhlanu kamuva, sisakha amabha okusesha asebenza njengamakhadi enkomba yango-1990s, noma ngabe abantu abawasebenzisayo bafakwe kabusha izintambo. Namuhla, lapho umsebenzisi efika kusayithi lakho futhi engakwazi ukuthola lokho akudingayo ekuzulazuleni komhlaba ngemizuzwana nje, akazami ukufunda i-taxonomy yakho. Baqonde ebhokisini lokusesha. Kodwa uma lelo bhokisi libahluleka, futhi lifuna ukuthi basebenzise ulwazimagama lomkhiqizo wakho othile, noma libajezise ngokubhala iphutha, benza okuthile okufanele kugcine wonke umklami we-UX ephapheme ebusuku. Bashiya isayithi lakho, baye ku-Google, futhi babhale i-site:yourwebsite.com [query]. Noma, okubi nakakhulu, bamane bathayiphe umbuzo wabo bese bephelela kuwebhusayithi yabaqhudelana nabo. Mina ngokwami ngisebenzisa i-Google ekusesheni isayithi cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi. Lena i-Site-Search Paradox. Esikhathini lapho sinedatha eningi namathuluzi angcono kunangaphambili, ukuzizwisa kwethu kosesho lwangaphakathi kuvame ukuba kubi kangangokuthi abasebenzisi bancamela ukusebenzisa injini yosesho yomhlaba wonke yamadola ayizigidigidi ukuze bathole ikhasi elilodwa kusayithi lendawo. Njengabaklami Bolwazi kanye nabaklami be-UX, kufanele sibuze, kungani “Ibhokisi Elikhulu” liwina, futhi singababuyisela kanjani abasebenzisi bethu? "Intela Ye-Syntax" kanye Nokufa Kokufana Okuqondile Isizathu esiyinhloko sokuba ukusesha kwesayithi kuhluleke yilokho engikubiza ngokuthi Intela ye-Syntax. Lona umthwalo wokuqonda esiwubeka kubasebenzisi uma sibadinga ukuthi baqagele uchungechunge lwangempela lwezinhlamvu esizisebenzisile kusizindalwazi sethu. Ucwaningo olwenziwe yi-Origin Growth on Search vs Navigate lubonisa ukuthi cishe u-50% wabasebenzisi baya ngqo kubha yokusesha lapho befika kusayithi. Isibonelo, lapho umsebenzisi ethayipha “usofa” endaweni yefenisha ehlukanise yonke into ngaphansi “kwamasofa,” futhi isayithi alibuyiseli lutho, umsebenzisi akacabangi ukuthi, “Ah, kufanele ngizame igama elifanayo.” Bacabanga ukuthi, "Le sayithi ayinakho engikufunayo." Lokhu ukwehluleka kwe-Information Architecture (IA). Sakhe amasistimu ethu ukuze afane neyunithi yezinhlamvu (ukulandelana kwangempela kwezinhlamvu) kunezinto (imiqondo engemuva kwamagama). Uma siphoqa abasebenzisi ukuthi bafane nesilulumagama sethu sangaphakathi, sikhokhisa amandla abo obuchopho.
Kungani I-Google Iwina: Akuwona Amandla, Yingqikithi Kulula ukuphonsa izandla zethu phezulu bese sithi, "Asikwazi ukuncintisana nobunjiniyela be-Google." Kodwa impumelelo ye-Google ayikhona nje amandla aluhlaza; imayelana nokuqonda umongo. Yize sivamise ukuphatha usesho njengento esetshenziswayo, i-Google iluthatha njengenselelo ye-IA. Idatha evela ku-Baymard Institute iveza ukuthi u-41% wamasayithi e-e-commerce ahluleka ukusekela izimpawu eziyisisekelo noma izifinyezo, futhi lokhu kuvame ukuholela kubasebenzisi ukuthi balahle isayithi ngemva komzamo owodwa ohlulekile wokusesha. I-Google iyawina ngoba isebenzisa i-stemming ne-lemmatization - amasu e-IA abona "ukugijima" kanye "nokugijima" kuyinhloso efanayo. Ukusesha okuningi kwangaphakathi “akuboni” kulo mongo, kuphatha “Isicathulo Esigijimayo” kanye “Nezicathulo Ezigijimayo” njengezinhlaka ezihluke ngokuphelele. Uma usesho lwakho lwesayithi lungakwazi ukuphatha ubuningi obulula noma ukungapeli kahle okuvamile, ukhokhisa abasebenzisi bakho intela ngokuba umuntu.
I-UX ethi “Mhlawumbe”: Idizayina Imiphumela Engenzeka Ngokwesiko le-IA, sicabanga ngabambambili: Ikhasi lisesigabeni, noma alikho. Umphumela wosesho uyafana noma awufani. Usesho lwesimanje, abasebenzisi abalulindele manje, lungenzeka. Ikhuluma “ngamazinga okuzethemba.” Ngokusho kwabakwaForresters, abasebenzisi abasebenzisa usesho banethuba eliphindwe ka-2–3 lokuguqula kunalabo abangakushintshi, uma ukusesha kusebenza. Futhi u-80% wabasebenzisi kumasayithi we-e-commerce baphuma kusayithi ngenxa yemiphumela yokusesha engemihle. Njengabaklami, asivamile ukuklama indawo emaphakathi. Sakha ikhasi elithi “Imiphumela Etholiwe” kanye nekhasi elithi “Ayikho imiphumela”. Sikhumbula isimo esibaluleke kakhulu: "Ingabe Ubuqonde?" Izwe. Isixhumi esibonakalayo sosesho esiklanywe kahle kufanele sinikeze ukufana "okungaqondakali". Esikhundleni sesikrini esibandayo esithi "0 Imiphumela Etholiwe", kufanele ngabe sisebenzisa imethadatha yethu ukusho ukuthi, "Asikutholanga lokho kokuthi 'Electronics,' kodwa sithole okufanayo ku-'Izisekeli'." Ngokudizayina okuthi “Mhlawumbe,” singagcina umsebenzisi esendleleni. I-Case Study: Izindleko Zokuqukethwe "Okungabonakali". Ukuze uqonde ukuthi kungani i-IA inguphethiloli wayoinjini yokusesha, kufanele sibheke ukuthi idatha yakheka kanjani ngemuva kwezigcawu. Eminyakeni yami engu-25 yokuzijwayeza, ngibonile ukuthi "ukutholakala" kwekhasi kuxhunywe ngokuqondile kumethadatha yalo ehlelekile. Cabanga ngebhizinisi elikhulu engangisebenza nalo elalinemibhalo yobuchwepheshe engaphezu kuka-5,000. Usesho lwabo lwangaphakathi belubuyisela imiphumela engabalulekile ngoba umaka othi “Isihloko” wawo wonke amadokhumenti bekuyinombolo ye-SKU yangaphakathi (isb., “DOC-9928-X”) kunegama elifundeka umuntu. Ngokubuyekeza amalogi osesho, sithole ukuthi abasebenzisi bebefuna “umhlahlandlela wokufaka.” Ngenxa yokuthi lowo musho awuzange uvele esihlokweni esisekelwe ku-SKU, injini iwazibe amafayela ahlobene kakhulu. Senze i-Controlled Vocabulary, okwakuyisethi yamagama amisiwe abeka ama-SKU kumephu yolimi lwabantu. Ezinyangeni ezintathu, "Isilinganiso sokuphuma" esivela ekhasini lokusesha lehle ngo-40%. Lokhu bekungekona ukulungiswa kwe-algorithmic; kwaba ukulungiswa kwe-IA. Ifakazela ukuthi injini yokusesha inhle kuphela njengemephu esiyinikezayo. Igebe Lolimi Lwangaphakathi Kuwo wonke amashumi amabili eminyaka e-UX, ngiye ngabona itimu ephindaphindayo: amaqembu angaphakathi avame ukuhlushwa “Isiqalekiso solwazi.” Sigxila kakhulu kumagama ethu ezinkampani, noma ngezinye izikhathi okubizwa ngokuthi i-jargon yebhizinisi, kangangokuthi siyakhohlwa ukuthi umsebenzisi akakhulumi ulimi lwethu. Ngake ngasebenza nesikhungo sezimali esasikhungathekiswe ukushayelwa ucingo kakhulu esikhungweni sabo sosizo. Abasebenzisi bebekhalaza ngokuthi abakwazanga ukuthola ulwazi “lokukhokhelwa kwemali mboleko” esizeni. Uma sibheka amalogi osesho, "inkokhelo yemalimboleko" kwakuyitemu elingu-#1 eliseshiwe eliholele ekushayweni okungu-zero. Kungani? Ngoba ithimba le-IA lesikhungo libhale wonke amakhasi afanelekile ngaphansi kwegama elisemthethweni elithi "Ukukhishwa Kwemalimboleko." Ebhange, "inkokhelo" kwakuyinqubo, kodwa "Ukukhishwa Kwemalimboleko" kwakuyidokhumenti yomthetho "okuyinto" egciniwe. Ngenxa yokuthi injini yokusesha ibifuna izintambo zezinhlamvu zangempela, yenqabile ukuxhuma isidingo esikhulu somsebenzisi nesixazululo esisemthethweni senkampani. Kulapho uchwepheshe we-IA kufanele enze khona njengomhumushi. Ngokumane ungeze "inkokhelo yemalimboleko" njengegama elingukhiye lemethadatha elifihliwe emakhasini Okukhishwa Kwemalimboleko, sixazulule inkinga yosekelo yezigidigidi zamadola. Asizange sidinge iseva esheshayo; sasidinga i-taxonomy enozwela. Izinyathelo ezi-4 Zokucwaningwa Kwesizindalwazi Uma ufuna ukuphinda ufune ibhokisi lakho losesho ku-Google, awukwazi ukuvele “ulisethe bese ulikhohlwa.” Kufanele uphathe ukusesha njengomkhiqizo ophilayo. Nali uhlaka engilusebenzisayo ukuhlola nokuthuthukisa ukuzizwisa kosesho: Isigaba 1: Ukucwaningwa Kwamabhuku "Zero-umphumela". Donsa izingodo zakho zokusesha ezinsukwini ezingu-90 ezedlule. Hlunga yonke imibuzo ebuyise imiphumela enguziro. Hlanganisa lezi zibe amabhakede amathathu:
Izikhala zangempelaOkuqukethwe umsebenzisi akufunayo ongenakho (isiginali yethimba lakho lamasu okuqukethwe). Izikhala zegama elifanayoOkuqukethwe onakho, kodwa kuchazwe ngamagama umsebenzisi angawasebenzisi (isb., "Sofa" vs "Couch"). Izikhala zefomethiUmsebenzisi ufuna “ividiyo” noma “i-PDF,” kodwa ukusesha kwakho kukhomba umbhalo we-HTML kuphela.
Isigaba sesi-2: Imephu Yenhloso Yombuzo Hlaziya imibuzo engu-50 evame kakhulu. Ingabe Awokuzulazula (ufuna ikhasi elithile), Ulwazi (ufuna “ukwenza kanjani”), noma Okwenziwayo (ufuna umkhiqizo othile)? I-UI yakho yosesho kufanele ibukeke yehlukile ngayinye. Ukusesha kokuzulazula kufanele "Kuxhumanise Ngokushesha" umsebenzisi ngokuqondile endaweni okuyiwa kuyo, kudlule ngokuphelele ikhasi lemiphumela. Isigaba sesi-3: Ukuhlolwa Okufanayo “Okungaqondakaliyo” Ungathayipha kabi ngamabomu imikhiqizo yakho eyi-10 ephezulu. Sebenzisa ubuningi, ama-typos avamile, nesipelingi sesiNgisi sase-American vs British (isb., "Umbala" vs. "Umbala"). Uma ukusesha kwakho kwehluleka lezi zivivinyo, injini yakho ayinakho usekelo "lwe-stemming". Lesi isidingo sobuchwepheshe okufanele usikhulumele eqenjini lakho lobunjiniyela. Isigaba 4: I-Scoping And Filtering UX Bheka ikhasi lakho lemiphumela. Ingabe inikeza izihlungi ezinengqondo ngempela? Uma umsebenzisi esesha "izicathulo," kufanele abone izihlungi zosayizi nombala. Izihlungi ezijwayelekile zingaba zimbi njengokungabibikho kokuhlunga. Ukuthola Kabusha Ibhokisi Lokusesha: Isu Labasebenzi Be-IA Ukumisa ukuphuma ku-Google, kufanele sidlulele ngale "Ibhokisi" futhi sibheke isikafula. Isinyathelo A: Sebenzisa isikafula se-semantic.Ungavele ubuyisele uhlu lwezixhumanisi. Sebenzisa i-IA yakho ukuze unikeze umongo. Uma umsebenzisi esesha umkhiqizo, mkhombise umkhiqizo, kodwa futhi umkhombise imanuwali, imibuzo ebuzwa njalo, kanye nezingxenye ezihlobene. Lokhu kusesha "okuhlangene" kulingisa indlela ubuchopho bomuntu obusebenza ngayo nendlela i-Google esebenza ngayo. Isinyathelo B: Yeka ukuba umsebenzi womtapo wolwazi, qalaukuba i-concierge.Umsebenzi womtapo wolwazi ukutshela kahle ukuthi incwadi ikuphi eshalofini. I-concierge ilalela lokho ofuna ukukuzuza futhi ikunikeze isincomo. Ibha yakho yokusesha kufanele isebenzise umbhalo obikezelayo hhayi nje ukuqedela amagama, kodwa ukuphakamisa izinhloso. Ukusebenzisa Ibha Yokusesha enikwe amandla yi-Google Ukusebenzisa ibha yosesho “elinamandla e-Google”, njengoba kubonakala kuwebhusayithi yeNyuvesi yaseChicago, kuwukuvuma ukuthi inhlangano yangaphakathi yesayithi isibe yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukuthi ingasingathwa wukuzulazula kwayo. Yize “kuwukulungisa” okusheshayo kwezikhungo ezinkulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abasebenzisi bathola okuthile, ngokuvamile kuwukukhetha okungalungile kumabhizinisi anokuqukethwe okujulile.
Ngokuthumela usesho ku-Google, unikezela ngolwazi lomsebenzisi ku-algorithm yangaphandle. Ulahlekelwa ikhono lokuphromotha imikhiqizo ethile, udalula abasebenzisi bakho kuzikhangiso zezinkampani zangaphandle, futhi uqeqesha amakhasimende akho ukuthi ashiye i-ecosystem yakho ngesikhathi adinga usizo. Ebhizinisini, ukusesha kufanele kube ingxoxo ekhethiwe eqondisa ikhasimende emgomweni, hhayi uhlu olujwayelekile lwezixhumanisi ezilibuyisela emuva kuwebhu evuliwe.
Uhlu Lokuhlola Olulula lwe-UX Nalu uhlu lokuhlola lokugcina lwereferensi lapho wakha ulwazi lokusesha lwabasebenzisi bakho. Sebenza nethimba lakho lomkhiqizo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uhlanganyela namalungu eqembu alungile.
Kill the dead-end.Ungalokothi uthi "Ayikho imiphumela etholiwe." Uma okufana nse kungekho, phakamisa isigaba esifanayo, umkhiqizo odumile, noma indlela yokuxhumana nabosekelo. Lungisa okufanayo “cishe”.Qinisekisa ukuthi ukusesha kungakwazi ukuphatha ubuningi (njengokuthi “isitshalo” vs. “izitshalo”) kanye nama-typos avamile. Abasebenzisi akufanele bajeziswe ngokushelela kwesithupha. Qagela umgomo womsebenzisi.Sebenzisa imenyu "yokuphakamisa ngokuzenzakalela" ukuze ubonise izenzo eziwusizo (njengokuthi "Landelela i-oda lami") noma izigaba, hhayi nje uhlu lwamagama. Khuluma njengomuntu.Bheka izingodo zakho zokusesha ukuze ubone amagama abantu abawasebenzisa ngempela. Uma bebhala “usofa” bese uwubiza ngokuthi “sofa,” dala ibhuloho ngemuva ukuze bathole abakudingayo noma kunjalo. Ukuhlunga okuhlakaniphile. Bonisa kuphela izihlungi ezibalulekile. Uma othile asesha “izicathulo,” mbonise usayizi nezihlungi zombala, hhayi uhlu olujwayelekile olusebenza kuyo yonke isayithi. Bonisa, ungagcini ngokufaka ohlwini.Sebenzisa izithonjana ezincane namalebula acacile emiphumeleni yosesho ukuze abasebenzisi babone umehluko phakathi komkhiqizo, iposi lebhulogi, kanye nesihloko sosizo shazi. Isivinini siwukuthembana.Uma ukusesha kuthatha ngaphezu kwesekhondi, sebenzisa ukugqwayiza okulayishayo. Uma ihamba kancane, abantu bazobuyela ku-Google ngokushesha. Hlola amalogi "okwehluleka". Kanye ngenyanga, bheka ukuthi abantu baseshe ini leyo miphumela eyiziro ebuyisiwe. Lolu "uhlu lwakho lwezinto okufanele uzenze" ukuze ulungise ukuzulazula kwesayithi lakho.
Isiphetho: Ibha Yokusesha Ingxoxo Ibhokisi losesho ukuphela kwendawo kusayithi lakho lapho umsebenzisi esitshela khona ncamashi, ngamazwi akhe, ukuthi bafunani. Uma sehluleka ukuqonda lawo magama, uma sivumela "Ibhokisi Elikhulu" le-Google lisenzele umsebenzi, asilahlekelwa nje ukubuka kwekhasi. Silahlekelwa yithuba lokufakazela ukuthi siyawaqonda amakhasimende ethu. Impumelelo ku-UX yesimanje ayikona ukuba nokuqukethwe okuningi; imayelana nokuba nokuqukethwe okutholakala kakhulu. Sekuyisikhathi sokumisa ukukhokhisa abasebenzisi intela nge-syntax yabo futhi uqale ukuklama inhloso yabo. Ngokusuka ekufanisweni kweyunithi yezinhlamvu ukuya ekuqondeni kwe-semantic, nangokusekela izinjini zethu zokusesha nge-Architecture yolwazi eqinile, egxile kumuntu, singagcina sivale igebe.
