Namhlanje kwiDekhowuda, ndithetha noRonan Farrow, enye yezona nkwenkwezi zinkulu zengxelo yophando esebenzayo namhlanje. Waphula ibali likaHarvey Weinstein, phakathi kwabaninzi, abaninzi. Kwaye kwiveki ephelileyo, yena kunye nombhali-mbhali u-Andrew Marantz bapapashe into emangalisayo yokuntywila kwiNew Yorker malunga ne-OpenAI CEO uSam Altman, ukuthembeka kwakhe, kunye nokunyuka kwe-OpenAI ngokwayo.
Inqaku elinye ngaphambi kokuba siqhubele phambili apha-INew Yorker yapapasha eli bali kwaye mna noRonan saba nale ncoko ngaphambi kokuba sazi ubungakanani obupheleleyo bohlaselo kwikhaya lika-Altman, ukuze ungasiva sithetha ngokuthe ngqo ngaloo nto. Kodwa ukuthetha nje, ndicinga ukuba ubundlobongela balo naluphi na uhlobo alwamkelekanga, olu hlaselo kuSam lwalungamkelekanga, kwaye uhlobo lokungabi nakuzinceda abantu abavakalelwa ngalo, olukhokelela kolu hlobo lobundlobongela, ngokwalo alumkelekanga, kwaye lufanelekile ukuphononongwa okuninzi ngakumbi kushishino kunye neenkokheli zethu zezopolitiko. Ndiyathemba ukuba icacile.
Umda wababhalisi, ungalibali ukuba ufumana ufikelelo olukhethekileyo kwiDekhowuda ngaphandle kwentengiso naphi na apho ufumana khona iipodcasts zakho. Intloko apha. Hayi umrhumi? Ungabhalisa apha.
Konke okuthethileyo, kuninzi okujikelezayo ku-Altman ngumdlalo olungileyo wokunika ingxelo engqongqo - uhlobo lokunika ingxelo uRonan noAndrew ababezimisele ukwenza. Enkosi ngokuthandwa kwe-ChatGPT, u-Altman uye wavela njengeyona nto ibonakalayo kwishishini le-AI, emva kokuguqula ilebhu yophando eyayikade ingenzi nzuzo ibe yinkampani yabucala ephantse ibe ziitriliyoni zeedola kwiminyaka nje embalwa. Kodwa intsomi ka-Altman iphikisana kakhulu, ichazwa ngokulinganayo ngokukwazi kwakhe ukwenza izinto kunye notyekelo lwakhe lokunika ingxelo ...
Ibali lingaphezulu kwamagama angama-17,000 ubude, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo liqulethe iakhawunti eqinisekileyo yento eyenzekayo ngo-2023 xa ibhodi ye-OpenAI yabalawuli yamgxotha ngequbuliso uAltman ngenxa yokuxoka kwakhe, kuphela ukuba aphinde aqeshwe ngoko nangoko. Kukuntywila nzulu kubomi buka-Altman bobuqu, utyalo-mali lwakhe, ukuthanda kwakhe imali yoMbindi Mpuma, kunye nokubonakalisa kwakhe indlela yokuziphatha yangaphambili kunye neempawu zomlingiswa ezikhokelele omnye umthombo ukuba uthi "akazange anyanzeliswe yinyani." Ndicebisa ukuba ulifunde lonke ibali; Ndiyakrokrela ukuba iya kubhekiswa kwiminyaka emininzi ezayo.
U-Ronan uthethe no-Altman amaxesha amaninzi kwiinyanga ezili-18 azichithe exela esi siqwenga, kwaye ke enye yezinto eziphambili endandinomdla ngayo yayikukuba uyaluva na utshintsho ku-Altman ngelo xesha. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, kuninzi okwenzekileyo kwi-AI, kwitekhnoloji, nakwihlabathi kulo nyaka uphelileyo nesiqingatha.
Uya kuva uRonan ethetha ngokuthe ngqo, kunye nengqondo yakhe yokuba abantu bazimisele ngakumbi ukuthetha malunga nokukwazi kuka-Altman ukuyolula inyaniso. Abantu baqala ukuzibuza, ngokuvakalayo nakwirekhodi, ukuba ngaba ukuziphatha kwabantu abafana no-Altman kubhekiselele, kungekhona nje kwi-AI okanye iteknoloji kodwa nakwikamva elihlangeneyo loluntu.
Kulungile: Ronan Farrow kuSam Altman, AI, kunye nenyaniso. Nako sisiya.
Olu dliwano-ndlebe luhlelwe kancinci ukwenzela ubude kunye nokucaca.
Ronan Farrow, uyintatheli ephandayo kwaye unegalelo kwiNew Yorker. Wamkelekile kwiDekhowuda.
Ndiyavuya ukuba lapha. Enkosi ngokuba nam.
Ndivuya kakhulu ukuthetha nawe. Usanda kubhala isiqwenga esikhulu seNew Yorker. It’s a profile of Sam Altman and, sort of with it, OpenAI. Ukuyifunda kwam kukuba, njengoko zonke iimpawu ezintle zisenza, yona, ngokunika ingxelo engqongqo, iqinisekisa iimvakalelo ezininzi abantu abanazo malunga noSam Altman ixesha elide kakhulu. Uyipapashile ngokucacileyo, uye wafumana iimpendulo kuyo. Uziva njani ngayo ngoku?
Ewe, ndiye ndonwabile, eneneni, ngendlela ekwaphulwe ngayo ngexesha apho uqoqosho lwengqwalasela luluhlobo lwe-schizophrenic kwaye alunzulu. Eli libali, ngokokubona kwam, elisichaphazela sonke. Kwaye xa ndichitha unyaka onesiqingatha sobomi bam, kunye nombhali-mdibaniselwano, u-Andrew Marantz, naye wachitha elo xesha lakhe, ezama ngokwenene ukwenza into esemthethweni kunye nokucokisekileyo, kusoloko kuba ndivakalelwa kukuba kukho imiba emikhulu yesakhiwo echaphazela abantu ngaphaya komntu kunye nenkampani esembindini webali.
USam Altman, ngokuchasene nomqolo wenkcubeko ye-Silicon Valley ye-hype kunye nokuqalisa ukuba ibhaluni kuqikelelo olukhulu olusekwe kwizithembiso ezinokuthi zenzeke okanye zingenzeki kwixesha elizayo, kunye nokwanda kolwamkelo lwenkcubeko yomseki ocinga ukuxelela amaqela ahlukeneyo izinto ezahlukeneyo ezingqubanayo luphawu, hayi.I-bug…Nakuloo mva, uSam Altman lityala elingaqhelekanga apho wonke umntu waseSilicon Valley olindele ezo zinto akanakuyeka ukuthetha ngalo mbuzo wokuthembeka kwakhe kunye nokunyaniseka kwakhe.
Sasisazi ukuba wagxothwa ngenxa yezityholo zokunganyaniseki okanye uthotho lwezityholo zokuxoka. Kodwa ngokumangalisayo, ngaphandle kwento yokuba kubekho ingxelo emangalisayo, uKeach Hagey wenze umsebenzi omhle kule nto. UKaren Hao wenze umsebenzi omkhulu kule nto. Ngenene bekungekho ukuqonda okuqinisekileyo kwawona manqaku atyholwayo obungqina kunye nezizathu zokuba kutheni ezo zingakhange zibonwe ngabantu.
Ke inqaku lokuqala kukuba ndiziva ndikhuthazekile kukuba ezinye zezo zikhewu kulwazi lwethu loluntu, kwaye nakulwazi lwabangaphakathi baseSilicon Valley, ngoku zizaliswe kancinci. Ezinye zezizathu zokuba kubekho izikhewu ziye zavalwa kancinci kancinci.
Sinika ingxelo kwiimeko apho abantu abangaphakathi kule nkampani baziva ngathi izinto zigqunyiwe okanye ngabom azibhalwanga. Enye yezinto ezintsha kweli bali luphando olubalulekileyo lwenkampani yomthetho nguWilmerHale, ekucacayo ukuba iyifensi, ethembekileyo, inkulu yomthetho eyenze uphando nge-Enron kunye neWorldCom, leyo, ngendlela, yayiyivoluminous, njengamakhulu amaphepha apapashiweyo. UWilmerHale wenza olu phando lwalufunwa ngamalungu ebhodi aye agxothwa u-Altman njengemeko yokuhamba kwabo xa ewalahla, waza wabuya. Kwaye ngokungaqhelekanga-emehlweni eengcali zomthetho ezininzi endithethe nazo, kwaye ngokumangalisayo emehlweni abantu abaninzi kule nkampani - bayigcina ingabhalwanga. Yonke into eyakha yavela kuloo nto yayiyi-800-amagama ashicilelwe kwi-OpenAI echaza okwenzekayo njengokuwohloka kwentembeko. Kwaye siqinisekisile ukuba oku kugcinwe kwiinkcazo zomlomo.
Kukho iimeko apho, ngokomzekelo, ilungu lebhodi libonakala lifuna ukuvota ngokuchasene noguquko olusuka kwifomu yokuqala ye-OpenAI engenzi nzuzo ibe liziko lengeniso, kwaye irekhodwa njengokungahoyi. Kukho njengegqwetha entlanganisweni lisithi, "Ewe, oko kunokubangela ukujongwa kakhulu." Kwaye umntu ofuna ukuvotela ngokuchasene naye uyarekhodwa njengongafuniyo kuyo yonke imbonakalo. Kukho ukuphikisana okuqinileyo. I-OpenAI ibango ngenye indlela, njengoko unokucinga. Ezi ziimeko zonke apho unenkampani ethi, ngeakhawunti yayo, ibambe ikamva lethu ezandleni zayo.
Iimeko zokhuseleko zibukhali kangangokuba azizange zimke. Esi sizathu sokuba le nkampani yasekwa njengengenzi nzuzo igxile kukhuseleko, nalapho izinto bezifihlwa ngendlela yokuba abantu abathembekileyo malunga noku bayifumane ingaphantsi kobuchwephesha. Kwaye udibanisa oko ngasemva apho kukho umnqweno omncinci wezopolitiko wolawulo olunentsingiselo. Ndicinga ukuba yimeko enokutsha kakhulu.
Inqaku kum ayisiyiyo nje into yokuba uSam Altman uyifanele le mibuzo ngokuqatha. Kwakhona ukuba nabani na kwaba bafana kule ntsimi, kunye namanani amaninzi abalulekileyo, abonisa, ukuba akunjalo, i-idiosyncratic ethile, isityholo sokuxoka-ngexesha-lonke, ngokuqinisekileyo iqondo elithile lengqondo yobuhlanga ukuya ezantsi, apho abantu ababengabagcini bokhuseleko baye bamanzisa ezo zibophelelo kwaye wonke umntu-ukwimeko yogqatso.
I think, as we look at recent leaks out of Anthropic, there’s a person who poses the question of who should have their finger on the button in this piece. Impendulo kukuba, ukuba asinalo ulongamelo olunentsingiselo, ndicinga ukuba kufuneka sibuze imibuzo enzulu kwaye sizame ukuveza ulwazi oluninzi kangangoko sinako ngabo bonke aba bafana. Ke ndiye ndothuswa yinto evakala ngathi yincoko enentsingiselo ngaloo nto, okanye iziqalo zomnye.
Isizathu sokuba ndiyibuze ngolo hlobo kukuba usebenze kule nto unyaka onesiqingatha. Uthethile, ndiyakholwa, abantu abali-100 kunye nombhali osebenza naye, uAndrew. Lixesha elide elo lokuba ibali liphekwe. Ndicinga malunga nonyaka wokugqibela kunye nesiqingatha kwi-AI ngokukodwa, kwaye inkwenkwe, inesimo sengqondo kunye nemilinganiselo yazo zonke ezi mpawu zitshintshe ngokukhawuleza.
Mhlawumbi akakho ngaphezu kuka-Sam Altman, oqale njengophumeleleyo ongagqibekanga kuba ekhuphe i-ChatGPT kwaye wonke umntu wayecinga ukuba iya kuthatha indawo kaGoogle. Kwaye emva koko uGoogle waphendula, okubonakala kubothusa ukuba uGoogle angazama ukukhusela ishishini lakhe, mhlawumbi lelinye lawona mashishini abalaseleyo kwimbali yetekhnoloji, ukuba ayiyombali yeshishini. I-Anthropic yagqiba ekubeni igxile kwishishini. Kubonakala ngathi kukhokelela ekulawuleniapho ngenxa yokuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-AI kuphezulu kakhulu.
Ngoku, i-OpenAI iphinda igxininise imveliso yayo kude "siya kuthatha iGoogle" ukuya kwiCodex, kwaye baya kuthatha ishishini. Andikwazi kwazi ukuba, ngexesha lokunikela kwakho ingxelo kulo nyaka uphelileyo onesiqingatha, ukuba kuvakala ngathi abalinganiswa ubuthetha nabo batshintshile? Njengesimo sengqondo sabo nemilinganiselo yabo yokuziphatha, ngaba ezo zinto zatshintsha?
Ewe. Ndicinga okokuqala, ukuba ukugxeka okuphononongwayo kwesi siqwenga, kuvela kubantu abaninzi abangaphakathi kwezi nkampani ngeli xesha - ukuba eli lishishini elithi, ngaphandle kweengxaki ezikhoyo, zehla zibe yinto yogqatso ukuya ezantsi kukhuseleko kwaye apho isantya sivuthela yonke enye into - loo nkxalabo iye yanda kakhulu. Kwaye ndicinga ukuba ezo nkxalabo ziye zaqinisekiswa ngakumbi njengoko unyaka onesiqingatha uphelile. Ngaxeshanye, izimo zengqondo malunga noSam Altman zitshintshile ngokuthe ngqo. Xa saqala ukuthetha nemithombo yale nto, abantu babenenyani, ngokwenene babenexhala lokucatshulwa ngale nto kwaye baqhubeke nerekhodi malunga noku.
Ekupheleni kwengxelo yethu, unomzimba wokunika ingxelo apho abantu bathetha ngale nto ngokuphandle nangokucacileyo, kwaye unamalungu ebhodi athetha izinto ezinje, "Ulixoki le-pathological. Uyi-sociopath." Kukho uluhlu lwezimvo ukusuka, "Oku kuyingozi xa kujongwa ukhuseleko, kwaye sifuna iinkokeli zobuchwephesha eziphakamise ingqibelelo," yonke indlela ukuya kuthi ga ekuthandeni, "Libala izibonda zokhuseleko, oku kukuziphatha okungenakuthenjwa kuye nawuphi na umlawuli wayo nayiphi na inkampani enkulu, ukuba idala ukungasebenzi kakuhle kakhulu."
Ke incoko iye yacaca ngakumbi ngendlela eziva ngathi ishiywe lixesha, kodwa ikhuthaza ngengqiqo enye. Kwaye uSam Altman, ngetyala lakhe… Iqhekeza lilungile kwaye linobubele, ndingatsho, kuSam. Olu ayilohlobo lwesiqwenga apho kwakukho izinto ezininzi "zokufumana". Ndichithe iiyure ezininzi efowunini kunye naye njengoko sasigqibezela oku kwaye ndimve ngenene ukuba uyaphuma.
Njengoko unokucinga, kwisiqwenga esinje, asiyiyo yonke into eyenza ukuba ibe phakathi. Kwaye ukuba uSam wayesenza ingxabano endiziva ngathi ndithwele amanzi, ukuba into, nokuba yinyani, inokuba yimvakalelo, ngokwenene ndenze impazamo kwicala lokugcina le-forensic kunye nokulinganisa. Ke ndicinga ukuba yamkelwa ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye ndiyathemba nje ukuba le rekhodi iyinyani eqokelelweyo ngeli xesha lexesha inokubangela incoko enzima ngakumbi malunga nesidingo sokongamela.
Lowo ngumbuzo wam olandelayo. Ndicinga ukuba uthethe noSam amatyeli alishumi elinesibini ngexesha lokuxela eli bali. Kwakhona, loo nto ininzi yeencoko kwixesha elide. Ngaba ucinga ukuba uSam utshintshile ngexesha lokunika ingxelo kulo nyaka onesiqingatha?
Ewe. Ndicinga ukuba enye yezona subplots zinomdla kule nto kukuba uSam Altman naye uthetha ngolu phawu ngokucacileyo kunokuba wayenalo ngaphambili. Ukuma kukaSam kwesi siqwenga akufani, "Akukho nto apho, ayiyonyani le; Andazi ukuba uthetha ngantoni." I-posture anayo kukuba uthi oku kubangelwa ukuthambekela okukholisa abantu kunye nohlobo lokuchasa ungquzulwano. Uyavuma ukuba oku kubangele iingxaki kuye, ngakumbi ekuqaleni komsebenzi wakhe.
Uthi, “Ewe, ndiyadlula apho, okanye ndiye ndadlula apho.” Ndicinga ukuba eyona nto inika umdla kum kukudibana kwabantu ebesithetha nabo bebengengabo nje uhlobo lwabameli bokhuseleko, ingengabo abaphandi bobuchwephesha abasoloko benezi nkxalabo zokhuseleko, kodwa nabatyali-mali bexesha elikhulu. Bangabaxhasi bakaSam, abathi, kwezinye iimeko, bajonge lo mbuzo baze bathethe nokuba udlale indima ebalulekileyo ekubuyeni kwakhe emva kokudutyulwa. Ngoku, kulo mbuzo wokuba ingaba uhlaziyiwe na, kwaye ithini na inguquko, bathi, “Ewe, simnike ingenelo yokuthandabuza ngelo xesha.”
I’m thinking of one prominent investor in particular who said, “But since then, it seems clear he wasn’t taken out behind the woodshed,” which was the phrase that this one used, to the extent that was necessary. Ngenxa yoko, kubonakala ngathi oku ngoku kuyimpawu ezinzile. Oku sikubona ngokuqhubekayo. Unokujonga amanye amashishini amakhulu e-OpenAIrelationships and the way they kind of carry the weight of that mistrust in an ongoing way.
NjengoMicrosoft, uthetha nabaphathi abaphaya, kwaye banenkxalabo ebukhali kwaye kutshanje ibangele iinkxalabo. Kukho lo mzekelo apho, kwangolo suku lunye i-OpenAI iqinisekisa ububodwa bayo neMicrosoft ngokubhekiselele kwiimodeli ze-AI ezingenammiselo iphinda ibhengeze isivumelwano esitsha ne-Amazon esinento yokwenza nokuthengisa izisombululo zeshishini lokwakha ii-arhente ze-AI ezicacileyo, okuthetha ukuba banenkumbulo.
Uthetha nabantu beMicrosoft, kwaye bafana, "Ayinakwenzeka loo nto ngaphandle kokunxibelelana nezinto ezisisiseko esinesivumelwano sodwa." Ke lo ngomnye wemizekelo emincinci apho olu phawu lune-tendrils kumsebenzi oqhubekayo weshishini lonke ixesha kwaye ingumxholo oxhalabisayo ngaphakathi kwebhodi ye-OpenAI, ngaphakathi kwendawo yayo yesigqeba, kunye noluntu olubanzi lwetekhnoloji.
Uhlala uthi "umkhwa." Kukho umgca kwibali ukuba kum uvakalelwa ngathi ithisisi, kwaye yinkcazo yempawu oyichazayo. Kukuba "uSam Altman akathintelwa yinyaniso" kwaye "uneempawu ezimbini eziphantse zingabonakali kumntu omnye: eyokuqala ngumnqweno onamandla wokukholisa abantu, ukuthandwa kuyo nayiphi na intsebenziswano enikiweyo, kwaye okwesibini kukungabikho kwentlalo yokukhathazeka malunga nemiphumo enokuvela ngokukhohlisa umntu."
Ndimele ndikuxelele, ndifunde eso sivakalisi izihlandlo ezingama-500, kwaye ndazama ukucinga ukuba ndihlala ndithetha oko abantu bafuna ukuthandwa ndize ndingacaphuki xa beziva bexokiswa. Yaye andizange ndikwazi ukuyenza imeko yam ngokweemvakalelo ukuba ezi zinto zinokubakho njani emntwini omnye. Uthethe kakhulu noSam, kwaye uthethe nabantu abaye banamava kwezi mpawu. Uyenza njani loo nto?
Ewe. Inika umdla kwinqanaba lomntu kuba ndisondela kwimibutho yokunika ingxelo ngolu hlobo ndigxile ekuphuculeni umntu osentliziyweni yakhe kwaye ndifune ukuqonda okunzulu kunye novelwano. Xa ndandizama ukusondela koku ngembono yomntu ngakumbi kwaye ndithi, "Heyi, oku kuya kuba buhlungu kum ukuba abantu abaninzi endisebenza nabo bathi ndilixoki le-pathological. Uthwala njani obo bunzima? Uthetha njani ngaloo nto kunyango? Lithini ibali ozixelela ngalo ngaloo nto?"
Ndinohlobo oluthile, ngokokubona kwam, mhlawumbi i-West Coast platitudes malunga nokuba, "Ewe, ndiyawuthanda umsebenzi wokuphefumula." Kodwa ayilulo uninzi lohlobo lokujongana nokujongana ngokunzulu endicinga ukuba uninzi lwethu besiya kuba nalo ukuba besibona olu hlobo lwengxelo malunga nokuziphatha kwethu kunye nokuphatha kwethu abantu.
Ndicinga ukuba oko kuya kwimpendulo ebanzi yombuzo, nayo. USam uthi lo mkhwa ubangele iingxaki, kodwa kwakhona ukuba yinxalenye yento eye yamnika amandla okukhawulezisa ukukhula kwe-OpenAI kangangokuba uyakwazi ukudibanisa kunye nokukholisa amaqela ahlukeneyo abantu. Uhlala eqinisekisa onke la macandelo aphikisanayo ukuba into ayikhathaleleyo yinto ayikhathaleleyo. Kwaye oko kunokuba bubuchule obuluncedo ngokwenene kumseki. Ndikhe ndathetha nabatyali-mali abathi ke, "Ewe, mhlawumbi bubuchule obuncinci bokuqhuba inkampani kuba ihlwayela ukungavisisani."
Kodwa kwicala lobuqu likaSam, ndicinga ukuba eyona nto ndiyithathayo xa ndizama ukunxibelelana kwinqanaba lomntu kukusilela okubonakalayo kokujongana nzulu, ukubonakalisa, kunye nokuziphendulela, nto leyo eyazisa ukuba amandla amakhulu okanye uxanduva lwenkampani elungiselela i-IPO.
Ungumntu othi, ngokwamazwi elinye ilungu lebhodi yangaphambili ogama linguSue Yoon, okwirekhodi kwisiqwenga esithi ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba "lokungakhathali" libinzana alisebenzisayo, uyakwazi ukukholelwa ngokwenene ukuguquguquka kobunyani bakhe bokuthengisa okanye uyakwazi ukuziqinisekisa ngabo. Okanye ukuba akazikholelwa, uyakwazi ukuzibhijabhija ngaphandle kokuzithandabuza okunentsingiselo.
Ndicinga ukuba le nto uthetha ngayo, apho wena okanye mna sinokuthi, njengoko sithetha into kwaye siqonda ukuba iyangqubana nesinye isiqinisekiso esithe sayenza, sinomzuzwana wokukhenkceza okanye sizijonge. Ndicinga ukuba oko akwenzeki naye. Kwaye kukho inkcubeko ebanzi ye-Silicon Valley ye-hype kunye nenkcubeko yomseki olo hlobo lokwamkela oko.
Iyahlakesi. IVerge yakhelwe phezu kwesiphi na isixa kuphononongo lwemvelisoinkqubo. It’s the heart of what we do here. Ndibamba iitriliyoni zeedola ze-Apple R&D kanye ngonyaka kwaye ndithi, "Le fowuni isixhenxe." Kwaye iqinisekisa zonke iingxelo zethu kunye nezimvo zethu kwenye indawo. Sinomsebenzi wokuvavanya, kwaye sichitha ixesha elininzi sijonga iimveliso ze-AI kwaye sisithi, "Ngaba ziyasebenza?"
Oko kuvakala ngathi kulahlekile kwincoko eninzi malunga ne-AI njengoko injalo namhlanje. Kukho incoko engapheliyo malunga nokuba yintoni enokuyenza, ukuba ingaba yingozi kangakanani. Kwaye ke uyagrumba phantsi, kwaye uthi, "Ngaba iyayenza into ebekufanele ukuba iyenzile namhlanje?" Kwezinye iimeko, impendulo nguewe. Kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi, impendulo nguhayi.
Oku kuvakala ngathi kunxibelelana nenkcubeko ye-hype oyichazayo kunye nakwingqiqo yokuba, kulungile, ukuba uthi izakwenza into kwaye ayifuni, kwaye umntu uziva kakubi, kulungile kuba sikwinto elandelayo. Oko kukwixesha elidlulileyo. Kwaye kwi-AI ngakumbi, uSam ulunge kakhulu ekwenzeni izithembiso ezintle.
Kule veki nje, ndicinga ngaloo mini njengoko ibali lakho lipapashwe, i-OpenAI ikhuphe uxwebhu lomgaqo-nkqubo othi kufuneka siphinde sicinge ngesivumelwano sentlalontle kwaye sibe ne-AI esebenzayo ye-stipends evela kurhulumente. Esi sisithembiso esihle malunga nendlela obunye itekhnoloji enokubumba ngayo ikamva lehlabathi kunye nendlela esiphila ngayo, kwaye yonke loo nto ixhomekeke kubuchwephesha obusebenza kanye ngendlela ekuthenjiswe ngayo ukusebenza okanye ekufuneka isebenze.
Ngaba ukhe wamfumana uSam ethandabuza i-AI ejika ibe yi-AGI okanye ubukrelekrele okanye ifikelele entanjeni? Kuba yeyona nto ndizibuza yona kakhulu. Ngaba kukho ukubonakaliswa malunga nokuba le teknoloji ingundoqo inokwenza zonke izinto abathi inokuzenza?
Yeyona mibuzo ichanekileyo. Kukho itekhnoloji ethembekileyo esiye sathetha nayo kulo mzimba wokunika ingxelo - kwaye ngokucacileyo uSam Altman akanguye omnye; ungumntu weshishini-abathi indlela uSam athetha ngayo malunga nexesha lobuchwephesha sele ikude. Kukho iiposti zebhlog ezibuyela emva kwiminyaka embalwa apho uSam esithi, "Sele sifikile kumnyhadala womsitho. I-AGI ilapha ngokusisiseko. I-Superintelligence ikufuphi nekona. Siza kuba kwezinye iiplanethi. Siza kunyanga zonke iintlobo zomhlaza." Enyanisweni, andiyihoyisi.
Lo mhlaza unomdla ngokwenene, ukuba uSam ukhohlisa umntu ophilise umhlaza wenja yabo nge-ChatGPT, kwaye ayizange yenzeke loo nto. Baye bathetha ne-ChatGPT, kwaye oko kwabanceda ukuba bakhokele abanye abaphandi abaye benza umsebenzi, kodwa enye-to-nye, esi sixhobo siphilise le nja ayikho ibali.
Ndiyavuya ukuba uphakamise loo ngongoma kuba ndifuna ukuya kule ngongoma inkulu malunga nokuba zombini izinto ezinokwenzeka kunye nomngcipheko wetekhnoloji ziza kunxiba nini. Kodwa kufanelekile ukukhankanya la macala mancinci ahlala esenzeka ku-Sam Altman, apho abonakala equka olu phawu kwakhona.
I mean, to use the example of the WilmerHale report, where we had this information that had been kept out of writing, and wanted to know whether the oral brief along the way was given to anyone other than the two board members Sam helped install to oversee it. Kwaye wathi, "Ewe, ewe, hayi, ndiyakholwa ukuba inikwe wonke umntu othe wazibandakanya nebhodi emva koko." Kwaye sinomntu onolwazi oluthe ngqo ngale meko esithi bubuxoki nje. Kwaye kubonakala kunjalo ngokwenene, ukuba akuyonyani. Ukuba sifuna ukuba nesisa, mhlawumbi akaxelelwanga kakuhle.
Zininzi zezi ziqinisekiso eziqhelekileyo. Kwaye ndisebenzisa loo mzekelo ngokuyinxenye kuba ngumzekelo omhle wokuqhawula, masiwubize, onokuba nemiphumo yokwenyani ngokusemthethweni. Akukho mfuneko yokuba ndikuxelele, phantsi komthetho we-Delaware corporate, ukuba le nkampani IPOs, abaninizabelo, phantsi kwecandelo lama-220, banokukhalaza malunga noku kwaye bafune amaxwebhu asisiseko. Sele kukho amalungu ebhodi ethetha izinto ezinje, "Kulungile, yima umzuzu, le ngcaciso ibimele ukuba yenzekile."
Ke ezi zinto zibonakala zitsiba emlonyeni wakhe ngalo lonke ixesha, zinokuba neziphumo zokwenyani zokuthengisa, iziphumo zokwenyani ze-OpenAI. Ukuyibuyisela kuhlobo lolwimi lwe-utopian hype oluye lwavela kwakhona, ndicinga ukuba akuzange kwenzeke ngengozi ngosuku esi siqwenga saphuma ngalo, siyasichaphazela sonke, kuba iingozi zinzima kakhulu malunga nendlela eyenzeka ngayo.ukusasazwa ngezixhobo, indlela esetyenziswa ngayo ukuchonga iiarhente zemfazwe yemichiza, amandla okubulala iintsholongwane, nangenxa yendlela i-utopian hype ebonakala ngathi ikhuthaza uninzi lweengcali zezoqoqosho ukuba zithi, "Oku kuneempawu zeqamza."
Nditsho noSam Altman uthe, "Umntu uza kuphulukana nemali eninzi apha." Oko kunokuphazamisa kakhulu ukukhula koqoqosho lwaseMelika kunye nehlabathi, ukuba kukho ukugqobhoza okwenyani kweqamza elibandakanya zonke ezi nkampani zenza izivumelwano kunye, zingena kwi-AI ngelixa ziboleka kakhulu. Ke into ethethwa nguSam Altman ibalulekile, kwaye ndiyacinga ukuba abantu abamjikelezileyo, ukhankanyile ukuba sithethe ngaphezulu kwekhulu, ibingaphezulu kwekhulu. Saba nencoko kumgca wokugqibela apho kufana, "Ingaba incinci kakhulu ukuba ithi ifana neli nani liphezulu?" Kwaye sasifana, "Ewe, masiyijongele phantsi. Siza kuyidlala ipholile." Kodwa kwakukho abantu abaninzi kwaye uninzi lwabo lusithi, "Le yinkxalabo." Kwaye ndicinga ukuba yiyo yonke loo nto.
Makhe ndikubuze ngaloo nombolo. Njengoko ubutshilo, abantu baye bavuleleka ngakumbi ngeenkxalabo njengoko ixesha lihamba. Kuvakala ngathi uxinzelelo olujikeleze i-bubble - ugqatso lokuphumelela, ukuhlawula lonke olu tyalo-mali, ukuvela njengophumeleleyo, ukuya kwi-IPO - lutshintshe uninzi lwezimo zengqondo. Ngokuqinisekileyo idale uxinzelelo ngakumbi kuSam kunye ne-OpenAI.
Sipapashe ibali kule veki malunga nee-vibes ze-OpenAI. Ibali lakho liyinxalenye yalo, kodwa utshintsho olukhulu lwabasebenzi kumanqanaba aphezulu e-OpenAI-abantu bayeza kwaye bayahamba. Abaphandi bahamba bonke, ubukhulu becala kwi-Anthropic, endicinga ukuba inomdla ngokwenene. Uyabona nje le nkampani iva uxinzelelo, kwaye isabela kolo xinzelelo ngandlela thile.
Kodwa ndiye ndicinge emva kokugxothwa kukaSam. Le nto ikhunjulwayo kum. Ayilibaleki nakubani na, kodwa ndithathe umnxeba womthombo eBronx Zoo ngo-7PM ngoLwesihlanu, kwaye ibingumntu othi bazakuzama ukubuyisela uSam. Saye sachitha impelaveki sileqa elo bali phantsi. Kwaye ndafana nje, "Ndisezuyo. Ufuna ndenze ntoni apha?" Kwaye impendulo yaba, "Hlala efowunini." Ewe, intombi yam yayingathi, "Phuma efowunini." Kwaye yiloo nto endiyenzileyo.
Kwakukhwela okanye kufe ukubuyisela uSam. Le nkampani yayifana, "Hayi, asiyivumeli ibhodi ukuba itshise uSam Altman." Abatyali-zimali, bacatshulwe kwisiqwenga sakho, "Siye emfazweni," ndicinga ukuba sisikhundla seThrive Capital, "ukubuyisela uSam." UMicrosoft waya emfazweni ukubuyisela uSam. Kusemva kwexesha, kwaye ngoku wonke umntu ufana, "Siya kwi-IPO. Sifike kumgca wokugqibela. Sifumene umfana wethu, kwaye uza kusifumana kumgca wokugqibela. Sinexhala lokuba ulixoki."
Kwakutheni ukuze kube yimfazwe ukumbuyisela ngoko? Kuba kubonakala ngathi akukho nto itshintshileyo ngokwenene. Uthetha ngeememo ezigcinwe ngu-Ilya Sutskever kunye [ne-CEO ye-Anthropic] uDario Amodei ngelixa babephila ngexesha lika-Sam Altman. I-Ilya eyona nto ixhalabisayo kukuba uSam ungumqambimanga.
Akukho nanye kwezi etshintshileyo. Ngoko kwakutheni ukuze kube yimfazwe ukumbuyisa ngoko? Kwaye ngoku njengoko sisekupheleni, kubonakala ngathi zonke iinkxalabo zisekuhleni.
Ewe, okokuqala, uxolo kwintombi yakho kunye neqabane lam kunye nabo bonke abanye abantu abajikeleze iintatheli.
[Ehleka] Bekuyimpelaveki kumntu wonke.
Ewe, ithatha ubomi bomntu, kwaye eli bali ngokuqinisekileyo linelam, kwixesha lokugqibela. Ngokwenene inxulumene nalo mxholo wobuntatheli kunye nokufikelela kulwazi, ndiyacinga. Abatyalo-mali abaya emfazweni ku-Sam kwaye bonke badlala indima ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ubuyile, kunye nebhodi eyenzelwe ngokukodwa ukukhusela umsebenzi ongenzi nzuzo ukubeka ukhuseleko phezu kokukhula kunye nokutshisa i-executive ukuba abanakuthenjwa ngaloo nto, bahamba. Kwakungenxa yokuba, ewe, inkuthazo yemarike yayikhona, akunjalo?
USam ukwazile ukweyisela abantu, "Ewe, inkampani iza kuwa." Kodwa isizathu sokuba abe nenkxaso kukunqongophala kolwazi. Abo batyali-mali, kwiimeko ezininzi, ngoku bathi, “Ndijonga ngasemva, kwaye ndicinga ukuba ngendandinexhala ngakumbi ukuba bendisazi ngokupheleleyo ukuba athini na amabango kunye nezinto ezixhalabisayo.”
Ayizizo zonke;Izimvo ziyahluka, kwaye sicaphula uluhlu lwezimvo, kodwa kukho ezibalulekileyo ebezisebenza kulwazi olungaphelelanga. Ibhodi eyagxotha uSam, ngamazwi omntu omnye owayehlala ebhodini, "kakhulu JV," kwaye bayiphuthaphutha ibhola kakhulu. Kwaye sibhala izikhalazo ezisisiseko, kwaye abantu banokuzigqibela ngokwabo ukuba iqokelele kuhlobo lwenkxalabo engxamisekileyo abacinga ukuba yayiyiyo, kodwa loo ngxabano kunye nolo lwazi aluzange lunikezelwe.
Bafumene oko abanye babo bakuvumayo ngoku njengengcebiso embi yezomthetho. Ukuyichaza, uya kukhumbula isicatshulwa, kwaye mhlawumbi uninzi lwabaphulaphuli bakho kunye nababukeli baya kukhumbula isicatshulwa njengokunqongophala kokuthetha. Yiloo nto eyancitshiselwa kuyo, kwaye ke ngokusisiseko bangayibambi iminxeba.
Bebengayibambi iminxeba. Ndiqinisekile ukuba uzamile. Wonke umntu endimaziyo uzamile, kwaye yafikelela kwinqanaba lokuba, njengentatheli, awufanelanga ukunika iingcebiso ngemithombo yakho, kodwa bendifana, "Oku kuya kuhamba ukuba awuqali ukuzichaza."
Kwaye kwenzeka loo nto. Zilibale iintatheli. UbunoSatya Nadella esithi, "Kwenzeke ntoni? Andifumani mntu ukuba andicacisele." Kwaye lo ngumxhasi omkhulu wemali wenkampani. Kwaye ke uno-Satya ofowunelayo [u-LinkedIn umseki] uReid Hoffman kunye noReid befowuna besithi, "Andazi ukuba kwenzeke ntoni."
Kuyaqondakala ukuba kungabikho kolwazi, bekhangela izikhombisi zemveli ezingezizo ze-AI ezinokuthethelela ukudubula okungxamisekileyo, ngequbuliso. Njengokuba, kulungile, yayilulwaphulo-mthetho ngokwesondo? Ngaba yayibubuqhophololo? Kwaye konke okufihlakeleyo, kodwa ndicinga ukuba kunentsingiselo, ingxoxo yokuba le teknoloji yahlukile kwaye olu hlobo lwengqokelela ezinzileyo yokungcatsha okuncinci lunokuba negalelo elinentsingiselo kweli shishini kwaye mhlawumbi nehlabathi, belilahlekile kakhulu. Ke iinkuthazo zongxowankulu ziye zaphumelela, kodwa nabantu ababenzile baphuma kwaye babengasoloko besebenza ngolwazi olupheleleyo.
Ndifuna nje ukubuza malunga “nento wonke umntu awayecinga ukuba yiyo” okomzuzwana, kuba ngokuqinisekileyo ndiye ndazibona iindaba, kwaye ndathi, “Owu, kufanele ukuba kwenzeke into embi.” Wenze okuninzi nge-#MeToo ingxelo, ngokudumileyo. Waphule ibali likaHarvey Weinstein.
Uchithe ixesha elininzi unika ingxelo ngala mabango endicinga ukuba ugqibe ekubeni awanasihlahla: ukuba uAltman waxhaphaza abantwana ngokwesondo okanye waqesha abathengisi ngemizimba, okanye wade wabulala impempe ye-OpenAI. Ndithetha ukuthi, ungoyena mntu unokuxela le nto ngokungqongqo. Ngaba uye wagqiba kwelokuba iye yaphela?
Ewe, jonga, andikho kwishishini lokuthetha ukuba kukho into eyenzekayo. Endinokuthi ndichithe iinyanga ndijonga lamabango andafumana bungqina kuwo. Kwaye ibindimangalisa into yokuba aba bafana, ezi nkampani zinamandla amakhulu kwikamva lethu, ngokwenene zichitha ixesha elininzi kunye nezixhobo zabo kumlo wodaka wabantwana.
Omnye umphathi uyichaza njenge "Shakespearean." Isixa semali yomphandi wabucala kunye needosi zenkcaso eziqulunqwayo azipheli. Kwaye ngelishwa lelokuba uhlobo lwezinto ezinomvuzo, eziye zenziwa ngabakhuphisana noSam, kuthathwa njengenyani, akunjalo? Kukho esi sityholo sokuba usukela amakhwenkwe angaphantsi kweminyaka, kwaye kumatheko amaninzi e-cocktail eSilicon Valley, uyayiva le nto. Kwisiphaluka senkomfa, ndikhe ndayiva iphindaphindwa ngabaphathi abathembekileyo nabadumileyo: “Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba le yinyani.”
Into ebuhlungu kukuba ndithetha malunga nokuba ivela phi le, ii-vectors ezahlukeneyo ehanjiswa ngazo. U-Elon Musk kunye noogxa bakhe babonakala ngathi batyhala iidosi ezilukhuni zohlobo olungento. Bangumphunga xa uqala ukujonga amabango angaphantsi. Into elusizi yeyokuba ifihlakala ngakumbi izigxeko ezisekwe kubungqina apha endicinga ukuba zifanelwe kukongamela okungxamisekileyo kunye nokuqwalaselwa.
Omnye umxholo ovela ngokwenene ebalini uphantse waziva uloyiko lokuba uSam unabahlobo abaninzi - utyale imali kwiinkampani ezininzi ukusuka kwindima yakhe yangaphambili njenge-CEO ye-Y Combinator, nje kutyalomali lwakhe lobuqu, ezinye zazo zingqubana ngqo nendima yakhe njenge-CEO ye-OpenAI - kwaye kukho ukuthula okumngqongileyo.
Yandichukumisa njengoko ndandifunda umgca omnye ngokukodwa. Uchaza iimemo zika-Ilya Sutskever, kwaye ziphuma nje eSilicon Valley. Wonke umntuubabiza ngeememo zika-Ilya. Kodwa kukho nocwangco kulo nto. Zidlulisiwe, kodwa azixoxwa. Ucinga ukuba ivela phi loo nto? Ngaba luloyiko? Ngaba ngumnqweno wokufumana utyalo-mali lwengelosi? Ivela phi loo nto?
Ndicinga ukuba bubugwala obuninzi, ndiya kunyaniseka. Emva kokuba benike ingxelo ngamabali okhuseleko lwesizwe apho imithombo ingoochwephesha abaye balahlekelwa yiyo yonke into kwaye babhekane nokutshutshiswa, benza into efanelekileyo kwaye bathethe ngezinto zokwenza ukuphendula. Ndikhe ndasebenza kumabali anxulumene nolwaphulo-mthetho ngokwesondo owakhankanyileyo, apho imithombo yokwenzakala kakhulu kwaye yoyika uhlobo lobuqu lokuziphindezela.
Kwiimeko ezininzi malunga nale bhithi, ujongene nabantu abaneprofayile kunye namandla abo. Basenokuba ngabantu abadumileyo ngokwabo okanye bangqongwe ngabantu abadumileyo. Banobomi boshishino olomeleleyo. Ngokombono wam, lutyhileko oluphantsi kakhulu kubo ukuba bathethe ngezi zinto. Kwaye ngombulelo, inaliti iyahamba njengoko besithethile ngaphambili, kwaye abantu ngoku bathetha ngakumbi.
Kodwa ixesha elide kangaka, abantu ngenene bavale umlomo ngayo kuba ndicinga ukuba inkcubeko yaseSilicon Valley iyinto nje engenalusini yokuzingca kunye neshishini elingenalusini kunye nokukhula. Ngoko ke ndicinga ukuba oku kuyabakhathaza nakwabanye abantu ababebandakanyeke ekugxothweni kukaSam, apho wabona emva kweentsuku, ewe, enye into eyakhokelela ekubeni abuye aze agxothwe amalungu amadala ebhodi kukuba waqokelela abatyali-zimali ababebhidekile ngenxa yakhe.
Kodwa enye yeyokuba abanye abantu abaninzi ababeyijikelezile ababenenkxalabo kwaye bayivakalisa ngokungxamisekileyo basonge nje okweeqhiya batshintsha ingoma yabo xa babona umoya uvuthuza ngenye indlela, kwaye bafuna ukungena kuloliwe wenzuzo.
Kumnyama kakhulu, ngokunyanisekileyo, kwimbono yam njengentatheli.
Abanye baba bantu nguMira Murati, lowo, ndiyakholelwa, kangangemizuzu engama-20 wayeyi-CEO entsha ye-OpenAI. Emva koko watshintshwa. Yayiyinto enzima kakhulu, kwaye ngokucacileyo, uSam wabuya. Omnye umntu ngu-Ilya Sutskever, owayengomnye weevoti zokususa uSam, kwaye emva koko watshintsha ingqondo yakhe, okanye ubuncinane wathi utshintshe ingqondo yakhe, kwaye wemka waya kuqalisa inkampani yakhe. Ngaba uyazi ukuba yintoni eyamenza watshintsha ingqondo yakhe? Ngaba yayiyimali nje?
Ewe, kwaye ukucaca, andizikhethi ezi zimbini ngaphandle. Kukho namanye amalungu ebhodi ebebandakanyeka ekugxothweni nawo athi cwaka emva koko. Ndicinga ukuba kufana nengxaki edibeneyo ebanzi. Aba, kwezinye iimeko, ngabantu ababenamandla okuziphatha okulumkisa kunye nokuthatha amanyathelo aqatha, kwaye oko kufanele kunconywe. Kwaye yile ndlela uqinisekisa ngayo ukuphendula. Oko bekunokunceda abantu abaninzi abachatshazelwa yile teknoloji. Ibinokunceda ishishini ukuba lihlale ligxile kukhuseleko.
Kodwa ukujongana nabempempe kunye nabantu abazama ukukhuthaza olo xanduva kakhulu, uyabona kwakhona ukuba kuthatha ifayibha yokuyincama kwaye ume kwizinto ozikholelwayo. Kwaye eli shishini lizele ngokwenene ngabantu abangayimeliyo into abayikholelwayo.
Nangona becinga ukuba bakha uThixo wedijithali oya kuthi ngandlela thile aphelise yonke imisebenzi okanye adale abasebenzi abaninzi, okanye into ethile iya kwenzeka.
Ewe, yile nto. Ke inkcubeko yokungami kwiinkolelo zakho kunye nazo zonke iinkxalabo zokuziphatha eziwela ecaleni kwendlela xa kukho naluphi na ubushushu okanye nantoni na enokusongela ukuma kwakho kwishishini mhlawumbi konke kulungile kwaye kulungile kwinqanaba elithile kwishishini-njengesiqhelo iinkampani ezenza naluphi na uhlobo lwewijethi.
Kodwa aba ikwangabantu abafanayo abathi, "Le nto ingasibulala sonke." Kwaye kwakhona, akufuneki uye kwi-Terminator Skynet ngokugqithisileyo. Kukho uluhlu lwemingcipheko esele yenzeka. Yinyani, kwaye balungile ukuba balumkise malunga naloo nto, kodwa kuya kufuneka ube nomnye umntu onesitulo sengqondo sokuba ezi zinto zimbini zinokuphila njani kubantu abafanayo apho zivakalisa izilumkiso ezingxamisekileyo, mhlawumbi bafaka inzwane kwaye bazama ukwenza into, emva koko bayasonga baze bathule.
Yiyo loo nto unokuba nezi ntlobo zemizekelo yezinto zigcinwe zingabhalwanga kwaye izinto zitshayelwe phantsi kombhoxo, kwaye akukho mntu uthetha ngale nto ngokuphandle iminyaka emva kwenyani.
Iqela lendalo, elinoxanduva apha aliyi kuba zii-CEO zezi nkampani; iya kuba ngoorhulumente. EUnited States, mhlawumbingoorhulumente bamazwe, mhlawumbi ngurhulumente womanyano.
Ngokuqinisekileyo, ezi nkampani zonke zifuna ukuba sehlabathini lonke. Zininzi iimpembelelo zehlabathi apha. Ndibukele i-OpenAI, uGoogle, kunye ne-Anthropic zonke zikhokelela kulawulo lwe-Biden ekukhupheni umyalelo olawulayo we-AI. Kwaba kuhle kwaphela amazinyo ekugqibeleni. Ithe nje kufuneka bathethe malunga nokuba iimodeli zabo zikwazi ukwenza ntoni kwaye bakhuphe uvavanyo oluthile lokhuseleko. Kwaye ke bonke bamxhasa uTrump, waza uTrump wangena wayicima yonke loo nto wathi, “Kufuneka sibe nokhuphiswano.
Kwangaxeshanye, bonke bazama ukunyusa imali kumazwe akuMbindi Mpuma anemali eninzi yeoli kwaye bafuna ukutshintsha uqoqosho lwabo. Abo ngoosopolitiki. Ndiziva ngathi abezopolitiko kufuneka baqonde ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba umntu uthetha ephuma kumacala omabini omlomo wabo, kwaye abazukucaphuka kakhulu ukuba umntu udanile ekugqibeleni, kodwa abezopolitiko bayakhwela nabo. Ucinga ukuba kutheni kunjalo nje?
Ngenene, ndiyacinga, kutheni isiqwenga sibalulekile kumbono wam kwaye kutheni bekufanelekile ukuchitha lonke eli xesha kunye neenkcukacha kuyo. Sikwimeko apho iinkqubo, njengoko usitsho, kufuneka ukuba zibonelele ngokujongwa zivalelwe. Leyo yi-post-Bemi baseMelika eMelika, apho ukuhamba kwemali kungathintelwanga, kwaye kugxininiso oluthile lwaloo ngxaki malunga ne-AI, apho kukho ezi PACs ezikhulayo kunye nezikhukula zemali ekutshitshiseni ummiselo onentsingiselo kwi-state kunye nakwi-federal level.
Unayo [i-OpenAI co-founder] uGreg Brockman, owesibini kaSam kumyalelo, onegalelo ngokuthe ngqo ngendlela enkulu kwisibini sazo. Ikhokelela kwimeko apho kukho ngokwenene ukubanjwa kwabenzi bomthetho kunye nabalawuli abanokubakho, kwaye oko kunzima ukuphuma. Into ebuhlungu kukuba, ndicinga ukuba kukho amanyathelo alula omgaqo-nkqubo, amanye awo avavanywa kwenye indawo ehlabathini, anokunceda kwezinye zezi ngxaki zokuphendula.
Unokuba novavanyo olunyanzelekileyo lokhuseleko lwangaphambi kokuthunyelwa, nto leyo esele yenzeka eYurophu kwiimodeli zemida. Unokuba neemfuneko ezingqongqo ezibhaliweyo zoluntu malunga neentlobo zophando lwangaphakathi apho sibone izinto zigcinwa zingabhalwanga kweli tyala. Unokuba neseti eyomelele ngakumbi yeendlela zokuphonononga ukhuseleko lwesizwe kwiintlobo zamabhongo eziseko ezingundoqo ezikuMbindi Mpuma awayezityhala uSam Altman.
Njengoko usitsho, wayesenza esi sithiyelo kwaye etshintshana nolawulo lweBiden, esithi, "Silawule, usilawule," kwaye ebancedisa ekwenzeni umyalelo wolawulo, emva koko uTrump engena, ngenene kwezi ntsuku zokuqala, engabanjwanga, "Masikhawulezise kwaye sakhe indawo enkulu yedatha e-Abu Dhabi." Unokuba nayo, le ilula ngenene, njengokhuselo lompempe. Akukho mthetho womanyano ukhusela abasebenzi benkampani ye-AI abachaza ezi ntlobo zenkxalabo yokhuseleko edlalwa kwesi siqwenga.
Sineemeko apho uJan Leike, owayeyindoda ephezulu yokhuseleko e-OpenAI, wayekhokela ulungelelwaniso olukhulu kwinkampani. Ubhalela ibhodi, eyona nto ingumbhexeshi, esithi inkampani iyaphuma kumzila wayo wokhuseleko. Ezo ziintlobo zabantu ekufuneka eneneni babe nequmrhu lokongamela abanokuya kulo, kwaye kufuneka babe nokhuseleko olusemthethweni olucacileyo lolo hlobo silubona kwamanye amacandelo. Oku kulula ukuphindaphinda i-Sarbanes-Oxley-style regime.
Ndicinga ukuba nangona inzima kangakanani le ngxaki yeSilicon Valley ithatha ulawulo lwazo zonke iintambo zamandla, kwaye ngaphandle kokuba amanye amaziko anokuthi abonelele kwaye abonelele ngononophelo, ndisakholelwa kwizibalo ezisisiseko zedemokhrasi kunye nezopolitiko ezizithandayo. Kwaye kukho iinkcukacha ezininzi zokuvota ezivelayo ukuba uninzi lwabantu baseMelika bacinga ukuba iinkxalabo, imibuzo, okanye imingcipheko ye-AI ngoku yodlula izibonelelo.
Ngoko ndicinga ukuba umkhukula wemali kwizopolitiko ezivela kwi-AI, kungaphakathi kwamandla ethu onke ukwenza loo nto ibe ngumthombo wombuzo ngokubhekiselele kwizopolitiko. Xa abantu baseMelika besiya kuvota, kufuneka bajonge ukuba ngaba abantu ababavotelayo na, ngakumbi ukuba abagxeki kwaye bachasene nommiselo, banikwe zonke ezi zinto zixhalabisayo, babhengezwa yimidla ekhethekileyo yetekhnoloji. Ke ndicinga ukuba abantu banokufunda iziqwenga ezinje, bamamele iipodcasts ezinje, kwaye bakhathalele ngokwaneleyo ukuba bacinge nzulu malungaizigqibo zabo njengabavoti, kukho ithuba lokwenyani lokuvelisa i-constituency eWashington abameli abagcina iliso kunye nokunyanzelisa ukongamela.
Leyo inokuba yenye yezona zinto zinethemba kakhulu endakha ndeva umntu ethetha malunga neshishini langoku le-AI. Ndiyayibulela kakhulu. Ndithe phithi luvoto othetha ngalo. Ininzi ngoku. Konke kuhambelana kakuhle, kwaye kubonakala ngathi abantu abancinci ngakumbi, ngokukodwa, bavezwa kwi-AI, ngakumbi ukungathembeki kunye nomsindo malunga nayo. Leyo yivalence yalo lonke uvoto. Kwaye ndijonge oko, kwaye ndiyacinga, ke, ewe, abezopolitiko abakrelekrele bangabaleka ngokuchasene naloo nto. Banokuthi, "Siza kubamba itekhnoloji enkulu."
Emva koko ndicinga malunga neminyaka engama-20 edlulileyo, usopolitiki esithi bazakuthatha uxanduva lwetekhnoloji enkulu, kwaye ndiyasokola ukufumana nokuba ngumzuzu omnye wetekhnoloji enkulu enoxanduva. Ekuphela kwento endenza ndicinge ukuba oku kunokwahluka, kulungile, kufuneka wakhe amaziko edatha, kwaye ungavota ngokuchasene naloo nto, kwaye ungakhalaza ngokuchasene naloo nto, kwaye unokuqhanqalaza ngokuchasene noko.
Ndicinga ukuba kukho umntu wezopolitiko osanda kudubula indlu yakhe ngenxa yokuba ivotele iziko ledatha. Uxinzelelo luyafikelela, ndingalubiza ngokuba ngumkhuhlane. Uyichazile insularity yeSilicon Valley. Le yi-ecosystem evaliweyo. Kuvakala ngathi bacinga ukuba bangaleqa ihlabathi. Babeka itoni yemali kwizopolitiko, kwaye baqhubela phambili ngokuchasene nenyaniso yokuba abantu abayithandi imveliso, engabaniki ukhuseleko oluninzi. Okukhona besebenzisa iimveliso, bakhathazeka ngakumbi, kwaye abezopolitiko baqala ukubona ukuba kukho imiphumo yokwenyani yokuxhasa imboni yezobugcisa phezu kwabantu ababameleyo.
Uthethe nabantu abaninzi. Ngaba ucinga ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba imboni yezobugcisa ifunde isifundo esilungileyo phambi kwabo?
Uthi kuvakala ngathi bacinga ukuba banokuqhuba ihlabathi ngaphandle kokuphendula. Andiqondi nokuba oko kufuna "ukuziva ngathi" kufanelekile. Ndiyathetha, ujonge ulwimi olusetyenziswa nguPeter Thiel, lucacile. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ngumzekelo ogqithiseleyo. Kwaye uSam Altman, nangona esondele kwaye enolwazi ngembono kaThiel ukusa kwinqanaba elithile, luhlobo olwahluke kakhulu lomntu onokuvakala ngokwahlukileyo kwaye ulinganiswe ngakumbi ukuya kwinqanaba.
Kodwa ndicinga ukuba ingcamango ebanzi oyifumana kuThiel, eyona nto ibalulekileyo: Sigqibile ngedemokhrasi, asisayidingi. Sinezinto ezininzi kangangokuba sifuna nje ukuzakhela iindawo zethu zokuhlala ezincinci. Asisayi kuphinda sijongane neCarnegies okanye iRockefellers kwakhona, apho bangabantu ababi, kodwa bavakalelwa kukuba kufuneka bathathe inxaxheba kwisivumelwano sentlalontle kunye nokwakha izinto zabantu. Kukho i-nihilism yokwenyani ebekiweyo.
Kwaye ndicinga ukuba ibiyinto nje eyomelezayo kwimbali yaseMelika yamva nje yeemoguls kunye neenkampani zabucala ezifumana amandla aphezulu kurhulumente ngelixa amaziko edemokhrasi anokubabeka uxanduva evalelwa ngaphandle. Andiziva ndinethemba ngombono wokuba abo bafana banokuvuka ngenye imini bacinge, "Huh, eneneni kufuneka sithathe inxaxheba kuluntu kwaye sincede ukwakha izinto zabantu."
Ndiyathetha, ujonge njengomzekelo we-microcosmic weSibambiso sokuNika, apho bekukho umzuzu apho bekubonakala ngathi lisisa, kwaye lo mzuzu ngoku udlulile kwaye uyagculelwa. Leyo yingxaki, ingxaki ebanzi yokunqongophala koxanduva endicinga ukuba ingasonjululwa ngaphandle. Oko kufuneka ibe ngabavoti abahlanganisa kwaye bavuselele amandla okongamela kukarhulumente. Kwaye uchanekile ukuba eyona vector iphambili apho abantu banokufikelela khona oko kusekhaya. Inento yokwenza nalapho kwakhiwa khona iziseko zophuhliso.
Ukhankanye ezinye zengxwabangxwaba emhlophe ejikeleze oku ekhokelela kubundlobongela kunye nezoyikiso, kwaye ngokucacileyo, akukho mntu kufuneka abe nobundlobongela okanye oyikisayo. Kwaye andikho apha ukwenza iingcebiso ezithile zomgaqo-nkqubo ngaphandle kokubonisa nje amanyathelo omgaqo-nkqubo abonakala esisiseko kwaye asebenza kwenye indawo kwihlabathi, akunjalo? Okanye abo basebenze kwamanye amacandelo. Andikho apha ukutsho ukuba yeyiphi kwezi ekufuneka iphunyezwe kwaye njani.
Ndicinga ukuba kukho into ekufuneka yenzeke, kwaye kufuneka ibe ngaphandle, ingathembeli nje ezi nkampani. Ngokuba kulungilengoku sinemeko apho iinkampani eziphuhlisa itekhnoloji kwaye zixhotyiswe ngokufanelekileyo ukuqonda iingozi, kwaye eneneni zizo ezisilumkisa ngeengozi, nazo zingenanto ngaphandle kokukhuthaza ukuba zihambe ngokukhawuleza kwaye zingayihoyi loo mingcipheko. Kwaye awunayo nantoni na yokuyiphikisa loo nto. Ke naluphi na uhlaziyo olunokuthi luthathe ngokwemigaqo ethile, kukho into ekufuneka ihambe ngokuchasene naloo nto. Kwaye ndisabuyela kwelo themba lokuba abantu basabalulekile.
Ndiyithenga ngokubanzi ingxabano yakho. Makhe ndenze impikiswano enye encinci endicinga ukuba ndiyakwazi ukuyicacisa. Enye into enokwenzeka ngaphandle kwebhokisi yokuvota kukuba i-bubble pops, akunjalo? Ukuba ayizizo zonke ezi nkampani zifikelela kumgca wokugqibela, kwaye akukho mveliso yentengiso ilungele izicelo ze-AI zabathengi. Kwaye kwakhona, andikayiboni, kodwa ndingumhloli wetekhnoloji yabathengi, kwaye mhlawumbi ndinemigangatho ephezulu kunaye wonke umntu.
Kukho imarike yemveliso efanelekileyo kwihlabathi lezoshishino, akunjalo? Ukuba neqela leearhente ze-AI ezibhala iqela lesoftware kubonakala ngathi yintengiso yokwenyani yezi zixhobo. Kwaye unokufunda iingxoxo ezivela kwezi nkampani zisithi, "Sizisombulule ikhowudi, kwaye oko kuthetha ukuba sinako ukusombulula nantoni na. Ukuba sinokwenza isoftware, sinokusombulula naziphi na iingxaki."
Ndicinga ukuba kukho imida yokwenyani kwizinto ezinokwenziwa yisoftware. Oku kuhle kwihlabathi lezoshishino. Isoftware ayikwazi ukusombulula yonke ingxaki ngokwenyani, kodwa kufuneka bafike apho. Bafanele bawugqibe umsebenzi, kwaye mhlawumbi ayinguye wonke umntu ofikelela entanjeni. Kwaye kukho ukuntlitheka, kwaye eliqamu liyavela, kwaye mhlawumbi i-OpenAI okanye i-Anthropic okanye i-xAI, enye yezi nkampani iyasilela, kwaye lonke olu tyalo-mali luyahamba.
Ngaba ucinga ukuba oko kuya kuyichaphazela le nto? Ngokwenene, mandiqale ndibuze umbuzo wokuqala. I-OpenAI ilungile kwincopho ye-IPO. Kukho amathandabuzo amaninzi malunga noSam njengenkokeli. Ngaba ucinga ukuba baya kufikelela kumgca wokugqibela?
Andizukuqikelela, kodwa ndicinga ukuba uphakamisa inqaku elibalulekileyo, lelokuba inkuthazo yentengiso ibalulekile ngaphakathi kwiSilicon Valley, kwaye ukuqiniseka kwe-bubble dynamics yangoku kumile ukuphazamisa, kwakhona, ngokusenokwenzeka, ngokutsho kwabagxeki, ugqatso ukuya ezantsi kukhuseleko.
Ndingaphinda ndongeze kuloo nto, ukuba ujonga ngaphambili kwimbali apho kukho iseti efanayo kwaye ibonakala ingenakufikeleleka yenkuthazo yentengiso kunye neziphumo ezinokuthi zicime eluntwini, kukho ukumangalelana kwempembelelo. Kwaye uyayibona loo nto njengendawo yenkxalabo mva nje. USam Altman uphaya kule veki evuma umthetho oza kukhusela iinkampani ze-AI kwezinye zeentlobo zetyala i-OpenAI eye yavezwa kuzo kwiisuti zokufa ezingafanelekanga, umzekelo. Kakade ke, kukho umnqweno wokuba nelo khaka kubutyala.
Ndicinga ukuba iinkundla zisengaba yindlela enentsingiselo, kwaye kuya kuba ngumdla ngokwenene ukubona ukuba ezi ntlawulo zimi njani. Sele ubonile, ngokomzekelo, i-suit-action suit, mna kunye nabaninzi, abanye ababhali abaninzi endibaziyo ukuba bangamalungu, ngokuchasene ne-Anthropic ngokusebenzisa kwabo iincwadi eziphantsi kwelungelo lokushicilela. Ukuba kukho iingqondo ezinengqondo ezisemthethweni kunye nabamangali abakhathalayo, njengoko siye sabona ngokwembali kumatyala ukusuka kwicuba elikhulu ukuya kumandla amakhulu, unokufumana kwakhona i-guardrails kunye nezinye izikhuthazo zokuthoba isantya, uqaphele, okanye ukukhusela abantu ngaloo ndlela.
Kuvakala ngathi lonke ulwakhiwo lweendleko zeshishini le-AI lixhonywe ekutolikweni kwesisa sokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo. Ayifiki ngokwaneleyo. Ubume beendleko zezi nkampani bunokuphuma kulawulo ukuba kufuneka bahlawule wena kunye naye wonke umntu omsebenzi wakhe abawuthathileyo, kodwa akulunganga ukucinga ngawo, ngoko ke asicingi ngayo. Kanye emva koko, zonke ezi mveliso ngoku ziqhuba ngelahleko. Njenganamhlanje, bonke babaleka ngelahleko. Batshisa imali eninzi kunokuba banokuyenza. Ngexesha elithile, kufuneka batshintshe iswitshi.
USam ngusomashishini. Njengoko sele ukhankanye izihlandlo ezininzi, akayena iteknoloji. Ungumntu weshishini. Ngaba ucinga ukuba ukulungele ukujika isitshixo kwaye uthi, "Siza kwenza idola?" Kuba xa ndibuza, "Ngaba ucinga ukuba i-OpenAI iza kuyenza?" Kuxa kufuneka benze idola. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, uSam wenze zonke iidola zakhe ngokucela abanye abantu imali yabo endaweni yokuba iinkampani zakhe zenze imali.
Ewe, ngumbuzo omkhulu obambekayo weSilicon Valley, kubatyali-mali, kuluntu.Ubona ezinye iinkcazo kwaye uphuma kwi-OpenAI ebonakala ngathi ibonakalisa uloyiko malunga naloo nto. Ukuvala i-Sora, ukuvala ezinye iiprojekthi ezincedisayo, ukuzama ukungena kwimveliso engundoqo. Kodwa ke kwelinye icala, usabona, kwangaxeshanye, iitoni zobuthunywa zirhubuluza, akunjalo? Nomzekelo omncinci-ngokucacileyo awungondoqo kwishishini labo - kukufumana i-TBPN.
Ngendlela, kanye njengoko sasifikelela kumgca wokugqibela kunye nokujonga inyani, inkampani ejongene nolu hlobo lokuphonononga ubuntatheli ifumana iqonga apho banokuba nolawulo oluthe ngqo ngakumbi kwincoko. Ndicinga ukuba baninzi abatyalo-mali abaxhalabileyo, ngokusekelwe kwiingxoxo endiye ndanazo, ukuba le ngxaki yokuthembisa zonke izinto kubo bonke abantu iphinda idlulisele kule nto yokungagxininisi kwimodeli yoshishino oluphambili. Kwaye ndiyathetha, usondele kuhlobo lokuxela kwangaphambili kunye nokubukela intengiso kunokuba ndinjalo. Ndiza kukushiya kunye nabaphulaphuli ukuba babe ngabagwebi malunga nokuba bacinga ukuba i-OpenAI inokuguqula utshintsho.
Ewe, ndibuze umbuzo kuba unesicatshulwa kwisigqeba esivela kumphathi omkhulu weMicrosoft, kwaye kukuba, "Ilifa likaSam lingaphela lifana noBernie Madoff okanye uSam Bankman-Fried," kunokuba uSteve Jobs. Ngumthelekiso lo. Wenza ntoni ngalo mzekeliso?
Ndicinga ukuba yiparaphrase leyo. Inxalenye yeSteve Jobs yayingeyonxalenye yesicatshulwa. Kodwa kukho uhlobo olunomdla lokuthozama kuyo kuba ichazwa ngolu hlobo, "Ndicinga ukuba kukho ithuba elincinci kodwa lokwenyani lokuba agqibe ekubeni abe yi-SBF okanye i-scammer yenqanaba le-Madoff." Intsingiselo, engqondweni yam, kungekuko ukuba uSam utyholwa ngezo ntlobo zorhwaphilizo okanye zolwaphulo-mthetho, kodwa inqanaba lokuqhatha kunye nenkohliso evela kuSam inokuba nethuba lokukhunjulwa ekugqibeleni kweso sikali.
Ewe, ndicinga ukuba eyona nto ichukumisayo malunga nelo catshulwa, ngokunyanisekileyo, kukuba ufowunela kwaMicrosoft kwaye awufumani, "Kuyaphambana. Asizange siyive loo nto." Ufumana okuninzi okufana, "Ewe, abantu abaninzi apha bacinga loo nto" iyamangalisa. Kwaye ndicinga ukuba iyahamba le mibuzo yeshishini kunye neebholiti.
Omnye umtyali-mali undixelele, umzekelo, malunga nendlela olu phawu luye lwaqhubeka ngayo kwiminyaka emva kokudutyulwa ”- kwaye oku kwacinga ukuba le yingcinga enomdla enengqondo-ukuba akunyanzelekanga ukuba uSam abe sezantsi kuluhlu, njengoyena usezantsi kwabaphantsi ngokwemiba yabantu ekufuneka bangakhi obu buchwepheshe, kuba kukho abantu abaninzi abathe bafaneleka. imbeka mhlawumbi ezantsi kuluhlu lwabantu abafanele ukwakha i-AGI, kwaye ngaphantsi kwamanye amanani ahamba phambili kulo mmandla.
Ke ndiye ndacinga ukuba yayiluvavanyo olunomdla, kwaye olo luhlobo lokucinga endicinga ukuba ufumana kwiipragmatists zokwenyani ezinokuthi zithengi kwiinkxalabo zokhuseleko kakhulu. Bagxile ekukhuleni, kwaye bacinga ukuba i-OpenAI ngoku inengxaki noSam Altman.
Isiqwenga seMicrosoft sinomdla ngokwenene. Le nkampani yayicinga ukuba iphezulu kwihlabathi. Ukuba balwenzile olu tyalo-mali kwaye bazakutsiba wonke umntu, ngakumbi kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, kuGoogle, kwaye babuyele kwiinceba ezilungileyo zabathengi. Inqanaba abaziva betshisiwe ngalo kolu hambo - le yinkampani eqhuba kakuhle kakhulu - andicingi ukuba inokugqithwa.
Ukhankanye abalinganiswa kunye neempawu zobuntu. Ndifuna ukuphelela apha ngombuzo wabaphulaphuli bethu. Ndathi komnye umboniso wethu, iThe Vergecast, ukuba ndiza kuthetha nawe, ndaza ndathi, “Ukuba unemibuzo kuRonan ngeli bali, undazise.” Ke sinenye apha endicinga ukuba idibana ngokucocekileyo nale nto uyichazayo. Ndiza kukufundela yona:
“Zahluke njani izizathu zokuziphatha kakubi, izenzo zokusika zika-Altman kunye nezinye iinkokeli ze-AI, zahluke njani kwizizathu ezivakalayo uRonan azivileyo kwezinye iinkokeli ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu kwezopolitiko nakumajelo eendaba? Ngaba bonke abazithethelela izenzo zabo ngokuthi le yindlela ihlabathi eliguquka ngayo? Ukuba andikwenzi oku, omnye umntu uza kwenza ntoni?”
Ewe, kuninzi okujikelezayo. Ndingatsho ukuba yintoni eyahlukileyo kwi-AI kukuba iindawo ezikhoyo ziphezulu kakhulu kuthetha ukuba zombini iingxelo zomngcipheko zigqithise, akunjalo? Unaye uSam Altmanesithi, "Oku kunokuba zizibane kuthi sonke." Kwaye kwakhona, abagxeki banokuthi, i-mania abhekisa kuyo lowo ubuzayo igqithise, akunjalo?
Into uSam amtyhola ngayo u-Elon, kwirekhodi, kukuba mhlawumbi ufuna ukusindisa uluntu, kodwa kuphela ukuba nguye. Uhlobo lwecandelo le-ego lokufuna ukuphumelela, okuyi-framing uSam isebenzisa lonke ixesha, kwaye le yenye yeencwadi zembali, oku kunokutshintsha yonke into. Ke ngoko, nangaphezulu nangaphaya "kufuneka uqhekeze amaqanda ambalwa" yengqondo yamashishini amaninzi eSilicon Valley, kukho, ezingqondweni zamanani athile akhokelela kwi-AI, ndiyacinga, ukuqiniswa okupheleleyo kwayo nayiphi na kunye nayo yonke into.
Kwaye ulibale ngokuqhekeza amaqanda. Ndi/ ndicinga ukuba uninzi lwabaphandi bokhuseleko banokuthi banokuthi babeke umngcipheko wokwaphula ilizwe, ukwaphula umhlaba, kunye nokwaphula izigidi zabantu abamisebenzi yabo kunye nokhuseleko luxhonywe emngciphekweni - yiloo nto ekhethekileyo ngayo. Kulapho ndivala khona, ndicinga ngalo mzimba wengxelo, ndikholelwa ngokwenene ukuba oku kungaphezulu kukaSam Altman. Oku kumalunga neshishini elingathinteliyo kunye nengxaki ejikelezayo yaseMelika engakwazi ukuyithintela.
Ewe. Ewe, besinethemba apho, kodwa ndicinga ukuba yindawo entle yokuyishiya.
[Ehleka] Phelisa ngesingqi.
Kanjalo. Lilo lonke ibali elihle, ngokwenene. Ulingo lweMusk-Altman luyeza. Ndicinga ukuba siza kufunda okuninzi apha. Ndiyarhana ukuba ndingaphinda ndifune ukuthetha nawe. Ronan Farrow, enkosi kakhulu ngokuba kwiDekhowuda.
Enkosi.
Imibuzo okanye izimvo malunga nesi siqendu? Sibethele [email protected]. Ngokwenene siyayifunda yonke i-imeyile!
