Wigeze ushyiraho z-indangagaciro: 99999 kuri element muri CSS yawe, kandi ntisohoka hejuru yibindi bintu? Agaciro kanini kagomba gushyira byoroshye icyo kintu hejuru yikindi kintu cyose, ukeka ko ibintu byose bitandukanye byashyizwe kumurongo wo hasi cyangwa udashyizweho na gato. Urubuga rusanzwe rugaragara mumwanya-ibiri; icyakora, mugukoresha CSS yihariye, indege ya z-axis itangizwa kugirango yerekane ubujyakuzimu. Iyi ndege ni perpendicular kuri ecran, kandi uhereye kuri yo, uyikoresha abona gahunda yibintu, imwe hejuru yindi. Igitekerezo kiri inyuma yigitekerezo cya z-axis, imikoreshereze yumukoresha yibintu byegeranye, ni uko imitungo ya CSS iyikora ikomatanya gukora ibyo twita imiterere ya stacking. Tugiye kuvuga uburyo ibintu "byegeranijwe" kurubuga, ibiyobora gahunda yo gutondekanya, hamwe nuburyo bufatika kubintu "gukuramo" mugihe bikenewe. Kubijyanye no Gushyira hamwe Tekereza urubuga rwawe nk'ameza. Mugihe wongeyeho ibice bya HTML, urimo gushira impapuro, imwe ikurikira iyindi, kumeza. Urupapuro rwanyuma rwashyizwemo ruhwanye na HTML iherutse kongerwaho, kandi yicaye hejuru yizindi mpapuro zose zashyizwe imbere. Nibisanzwe inyandiko itemba, ndetse kubintu byashizwemo. Ibiro ubwabyo byerekana imizi yibirindiro, byakozwe na element, ikubiyemo ubundi bubiko bwose. Noneho, imitungo yihariye ya CSS iza gukina. Ibyiza nkibirindiro (hamwe na z-indangagaciro), guhinduka, guhindura, no kubamo) bikora nkububiko. Ubu bubiko bufata ikintu hamwe nabana bacyo bose, bubakura kumurongo wingenzi, hanyuma bukabishyira mubice bitandukanye, bikarema ibyo twita imiterere. Kubintu bihagaze, ibi bibaho mugihe dutangaje z-indangagaciro agaciro kitari auto. Kubintu nka opacite, guhindura, no kuyungurura, imiterere ya stacking irema mu buryo bwikora mugihe indangagaciro zihariye zikoreshwa.
Gerageza kubyumva: Iyo urupapuro rumaze (nukuvuga ikintu cyumwana) ruri mububiko (nukuvuga imiterere yababyeyi), ntishobora na rimwe gusohoka muri ubwo bubiko cyangwa ngo ishyirwe hagati yimpapuro mububiko butandukanye. Z-indangagaciro yacyo ubu ifite akamaro gusa mububiko bwayo.
Mu gishushanyo gikurikira, Impapuro B ubu ziri murwego rwo gutondekanya Ububiko B, kandi birashobora gutumizwa gusa nizindi mpapuro mububiko.
Tekereza, niba ubishaka, ufite ububiko bubiri kumeza yawe:
.ububiko-a {z-indangagaciro: 1; } .ububiko-b {z-indangagaciro: 2; }
Reka tuvugurure akantu gato. Imbere mububiko A nurupapuro rwihariye, z-indangagaciro: 9999. Imbere mububiko B ni page isanzwe, z-indangagaciro: 5.
.urupapuro rwihariye {z-indangagaciro: 9999; } .paji-page {z-indangagaciro: 5; }
Niyihe page iri hejuru? Ni .ibisobanuro -paji muri Folder B. Mucukumbuzi yirengagije impapuro zabana hanyuma akabika ububiko bwambere. Irabona Ububiko B (z-indangagaciro: 2) ikabushyira hejuru y'Ububiko A (z-indangagaciro: 1) kuko tuzi ko bibiri biruta kimwe. Hagati aho, .urupapuro rwihariye rwashyizwe kuri z-indangagaciro: urupapuro 9999 ruri munsi yumurongo nubwo z-indangagaciro zashyizwe ku giciro kinini gishoboka. Gutondekanya ibice birashobora kandi guterwa (ububiko imbere mububiko), bigakora "umuryango wumuryango." Ihame rimwe rirakurikizwa: umwana ntashobora na rimwe guhunga ububiko bwababyeyi. Noneho ko ubonye uburyo ibice byo gutondekanya bitwara nkububiko iryo tsinda hamwe na reerer layer, birakwiye kubaza: kuki imitungo imwe n'imwe - nko guhinduka no guhubuka - ikora ibintu bishya byo gutondekanya? Dore ikintu: iyi mitungo ntabwo irema ibintu bikurikirana kubera uko bisa; barabikora kubera uburyo mushakisha ikora munsi ya hood. Iyo ukoresheje impinduka, idasobanutse, iyungurura, cyangwa icyerekezo, uba ubwira mushakisha, "Hey, iki kintu gishobora kwimuka, kuzunguruka, cyangwa gushira, bityo rero witegure!"
Iyo ukoresheje iyi mitungo, mushakisha ikora imiterere mishya yo gutondeka kugirango ucunge neza neza. Ibi bituma mushakisha ikora animasiyo, ihindura, hamwe ningaruka ziboneka mu bwigenge, bigabanya gukenera kongera kubara uburyo ibyo bintu bikorana nurupapuro rusigaye. Bitekerezeho nka mushakisha uvuga uti: "Nzakoresha ubu bubiko ukwe kugira ngo ntagomba kuvugurura ameza yose igihe cyose ikintu kiri imbere gihindutse." Ariko harihoIngaruka. Iyo mushakisha imaze kuzamura ikintu murwego rwayo, igomba "gusibanganya" ibintu byose biri muri yo, igakora ibintu bishya. Ninkaho gukuramo ububiko kumeza kugirango ubukorere ukundi; ibintu byose biri muri ubwo bubiko bishyira hamwe, hanyuma mushakisha ubifata nkigice kimwe mugihe uhitamo icyicaye hejuru yiki. Nubwo rero ibintu bihinduka kandi bidasobanutse neza ntibishobora kugaragara nkibintu bigira ingaruka muburyo bugaragara, barabikora, kandi nibikorwa byo gukora neza. Indi mitungo myinshi ya CSS irashobora kandi gushiraho ibintu bisa nkimpamvu zisa. MDN itanga urutonde rwuzuye niba ushaka gucukumbura cyane. Hano hari abatari bake, byerekana gusa uburyo byoroshye gukora utabishaka gukora imiterere ya stacking utabizi. Ikibazo cya "Gukuramo" Ibibazo byo gutondeka birashobora kuvuka kubwimpamvu nyinshi, ariko bimwe birasanzwe kurenza izindi. Ibigize moderi ni icyitegererezo cyiza kuko bisaba guhinduranya ibice kugirango "ufungure" kumurongo wo hejuru hejuru y'ibindi bintu byose, hanyuma ukabikura kumurongo wo hejuru iyo "bifunze." Nzi neza ko twese twahuye nikibazo aho dufungura modal kandi, kubwimpamvu zose, ntabwo bigaragara. Ntabwo ari uko itakinguye neza, ahubwo ni uko itagaragara murwego rwo hasi rwibisobanuro. Ibi bigutera kwibaza ngo "bigenda bite?" kuva washyizeho:
.overlay { umwanya: uhamye; / * irema ibice bikurikirana * / z-indangagaciro: 1; / * shyira element kumurongo hejuru y'ibindi byose * / shyiramo: 0; ubugari: 100%; uburebure: 100vh; kurengerwa: byihishe; inyuma-ibara: # 00000080; }
Ibi birasa nkukuri, ariko niba ikintu cyababyeyi kirimo modal trigger nikintu cyumwana mubindi bice byababyeyi nabyo byashyizwe kuri z-indangagaciro: 1, tekiniki ishyira modal muri sublayer itwikiriwe nububiko bukuru. Reka turebe ibyo bintu byihariye hamwe nibindi bibiri bisanzwe byo gutondekanya-imitego. Ndibwira ko utazabona gusa uburyo byoroshye gukora utabishaka gukora ibice bikurikirana, ariko kandi nuburyo bwo kubicunga nabi. Na none, uko usubira muri leta iyobowe biterwa nikibazo. Urugero rwa 1: Uburyo bwafashwe
Urashobora guhita ubona modal yawe yafatiwe murwego rwo hasi hanyuma ukamenya umubyeyi. Kwagura Mucukumbuzi Abashinzwe iterambere ryubwenge bubatse kwagura kugirango bafashe. Ibikoresho nkibi "CSS Stacking Context Inspector" Umugereka wa Chrome wongereho z-indangagaciro yinyongera kuri DevTools yawe kugirango ikwereke amakuru kubyerekeranye nibintu bikora ibintu.
Kwagura IDE Urashobora no kubona ibibazo mugihe cyiterambere hamwe niyaguka nkiyi ya VS Code, yerekana ibibazo bishobora gutondekanya ibibazo byanditse mubanditsi bawe.
Gukuramo no Kugarura Igenzura Tumaze kumenya intandaro, intambwe ikurikira ni ugukemura. Hariho uburyo bwinshi ushobora gufata kugirango ukemure iki kibazo, kandi nzabishyira kurutonde. Urashobora guhitamo umuntu uwo ari we wese kurwego urwo arirwo rwose, nubwo; ntawe ushobora kwitotomba cyangwa kubuza undi. Hindura Imiterere ya HTML Ibi bifatwa nkibisubizo byiza. Kugirango uhure nikibazo gikurikirana, ugomba kuba washyize ibintu bimwe mumwanya usekeje muri HTML yawe. Kuvugurura page bizagufasha kuvugurura DOM no gukuraho ikibazo cyimiterere. Shakisha ibintu bitera ibibazo hanyuma ubikure mubintu byo gutega mumurongo wa HTML. Kurugero, turashobora gukemura ibintu byambere, "Umutego wafashwe," twimura .modal-kontineri mumitwe hanyuma tukayishyira mubintu
byonyine. Ibirimo birimo z-indangagaciro ya 2 kandi ntizakomeza gutwikira modal. Umutwe
Ibirimo Bikuru
Umutwe w'icyitegererezo
Noneho, ntabwo ndi inyuma yikintu cyose. Nabonye umwanya mwiza nkibisubizo bya DOM ivugurura.
Iyo ukanze buto ya "Gufungura Modal", modal iba ihagaze imbere y'ibindi byose nkuko igomba kuba. Reba Ikaramu Ikaramu 1: Umutego wafashwe (Igisubizo) [forked] na Shoyombo Gabriel Ayomide. HinduraAbabyeyi Bakurikirana Ibice Muri CSS Byagenda bite niba ikintu ari kimwe udashobora kwimuka utarenze imiterere? Nibyiza gukemura ikibazo: umubyeyi ashyiraho imiterere. Shakisha umutungo wa CSS (cyangwa imitungo) ishinzwe gukurura imiterere no kuyikuraho. Niba ifite intego kandi idashobora gukurwaho, tanga umubyeyi agaciro ka z-indangagaciro irenze ibyo bavukana kugirango bazamure ibintu byose. Hamwe na z-indangagaciro yo hejuru, kontineri yababyeyi yimukira hejuru, kandi abana bayo bagaragara hafi yumukoresha. Dushingiye kubyo twize muri "The Submerged Dropdown" scenario, ntidushobora kwimura ibitonyanga muri navbar; ntibyaba byumvikana. Ariko, turashobora kongera z-indangagaciro agaciro ka .navbar kontineri kugirango irusheho kuba .ibintu bigize z-indangagaciro. .navbar { inyuma: # 333; / * z-indangagaciro: 1; * / z-indangagaciro: 3; umwanya: isano; }
Hamwe niyi mpinduka, .dropdown-menu noneho igaragara imbere yibirimo nta kibazo.
Reba Ikaramu Ikigereranyo cya 2: Amazi Yamanutse (Igisubizo) [forked] na Shoyombo Gabriel Ayomide.
Gerageza Imiyoboro, Niba Ukoresha Urwego
Mubikorwa nka Reaction cyangwa Vue, Portal ni ikintu cyemerera gutanga ibice hanze yubuyobozi busanzwe bwababyeyi muri DOM. Imiyoboro ni nkigikoresho cya teleportasiyo kubice byawe. Bakwemerera gutanga HTML yibigize aho ariho hose mu nyandiko (mubisanzwe iburyo bwinyandiko.umuntu) mugihe ukomeje guhuza neza nababyeyi bayo bambere kuri porogaramu, leta, nibyabaye. Ibi nibyiza guhunga imitego yimiterere kuva ibisubizo byatanzwe mubyukuri bigaragara hanze yababyeyi bafite ikibazo.
ReactionDOM.createPortal (
Ibi byemeza ko ibintu byawe bitagaragara bidahishe inyuma yababyeyi, nubwo umubyeyi yaba yarenze: byihishe cyangwa munsi ya z-indangagaciro.
Muburyo bwa "Clip Tooltip" twarebye kare, nakoresheje Porte kugirango nkize ibikoresho byabigenewe byuzuye: clip yihishe mubishyira mumubiri winyandiko hanyuma nkabishyira hejuru ya trigger muri kontineri.
Reba Ikaramu Ikigereranyo cya 3: Igikoresho cyaciwe (Igisubizo) [cyashizweho] na Shoyombo Gabriel Ayomide.
Kumenyekanisha Ibirindiro Bidafite Ingaruka Zuruhande
Inzira zose zasobanuwe mu gice kibanziriza iki zigamije "gukuramo" ibintu bivuye mu buryo bwo gutondekanya ibibazo, ariko hari ibihe bimwe na bimwe aho uzakenera cyangwa ushaka gukora ibintu bifatika.
Gukora ibintu bishya byo gutondeka biroroshye, ariko inzira zose zizana ingaruka. Nukuvuga, usibye gukoresha kwigunga: kwigunga. Iyo ushyizwe mubintu, imiterere yikurikiranya yabana b'iki kintu igenwa ugereranije na buri mwana kandi murirwo rwego, aho gutwarwa nibintu biri hanze yacyo. Urugero rwiza ni uguha icyo kintu agaciro keza, nka z-indangagaciro: -1.
Tekereza ufite ibice .ikarita. Urashaka kongeramo ishusho ishushanya yicaye inyuma yinyandiko yikarita, ariko hejuru yikarita. Hatabayeho gutondekanya ikarita, z-indangagaciro: -1 yohereza imiterere munsi yumurongo wibiti (page yose). Ibi bituma ibura inyuma yikarita yera .karita:
Reba Ikaramu Ibibi z-indangagaciro (ikibazo) [forked] na Shoyombo Gabriel Ayomide.
Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, turatangaza ko kwigunga: kwigunga kubabyeyi .ikarita:
Reba Ikaramu mbi z-indangagaciro (igisubizo) [forked] na Shoyombo Gabriel Ayomide.
Noneho, .ikarita ubwayo ihinduka imiterere. Iyo ikintu cyumwana wacyo - imiterere yo gushushanya yaremye kuri: mbere ya pseudo-element - ifite z-indangagaciro: -1, ijya hepfo cyane yimiterere yababyeyi. Yicaye neza inyuma yinyandiko no hejuru yikarita yinyuma, nkuko byateganijwe.
Umwanzuro
Wibuke: ubutaha z-indangagaciro yawe isa nkaho itagenzuwe, ni imitego ifatika.
Reba Ikurikiranyabihe (MDN)
Z-indangagaciro hamwe nibisobanuro (web.dev)
“Nigute ushobora gukora ibintu bishya bifatika hamwe n'umutungo wo kwigunga muri CSS”, Natalie Pina
“Niki Heck, z-indangagaciro ??”, Josh Comeau Ibindi Gusoma Kuri SmashingMag “Gucunga CSS Z-Ironderero mu mishinga minini”, Steven Frieson
“Imitwe ifatanye kandi ifite uburebure bwuzuye: Ihuriro rito”, Philip Braunen
“Gucunga Z-Indangantego mu Bikoresho Bishingiye ku Rubuga”, Pavel Pomerantsev
“Z-Index CSS Umutungo: Reba Byuzuye”, Louis Lazaris
