Kwanan nan na sabunta zane-zane masu rairayi akan gidan yanar gizona tare da sabon jigo da ƙungiyar majagaba, ina yin amfani da dabaru da yawa da na raba a cikin wannan jerin. Kadan daga cikin raye-raye na suna canza kamanni lokacin da wani yayi mu'amala da su ko kuma a lokuta daban-daban na rana.
Launuka a cikin zane a saman shafukan blog na suna canzawa daga safiya zuwa dare kowace rana. Sa'an nan, akwai yanayin dusar ƙanƙara, wanda ke ƙara launuka masu sanyi da kuma jigon hunturu, ladabi na rufin da aka rufe da yanayin haɗuwa.
Yayin da nake aiki akan wannan, na fara mamakin ko ƙimar launi na CSS na iya ba ni ƙarin iko yayin da kuma sauƙaƙe tsarin. Lura: A cikin wannan koyawa, zan mayar da hankali kan ƙimar launi na dangi da sararin launi na OKLCH don jigo da zane-zane da rayarwa. Idan kuna son nutsewa cikin launi na dangi, Ahmad Shadeed ya ƙirƙiri kyakkyawar jagorar hulɗa. Dangane da wuraren launi, gamuts, da OKLCH, namu Geoff Graham ya rubuta game da su.
Maimaita amfani da abubuwa shine maɓalli. An sake yin amfani da bayanan baya a duk lokacin da zai yiwu, tare da zuƙowa da rufewa suna taimakawa gina sabbin fage daga aikin zane iri ɗaya. An haife shi da larura, amma kuma yana ƙarfafa tunani cikin sharuddan jeri maimakon fage na mutum ɗaya. Matsalar Sabunta Palettes Launi da hannu Mu kai tsaye ga kalubale na. A cikin Taken Toon irin wannan - bisa ga 1959 Yogi Bear Show episode "Lullabye-Bye Bear" - kuma aikina gabaɗaya, palette yana iyakance ga wasu zaɓaɓɓun launuka.
Ina ƙirƙirar inuwa da tints daga abin da na kira launi na "tushen" don faɗaɗa palette ba tare da ƙara ƙarin launuka ba.
A cikin Sketch, Ina aiki a cikin sararin launi na HSL, don haka wannan tsari ya ƙunshi haɓaka ko rage ƙimar haske na launi na tushe. Gaskiya, ba aiki ba ne mai wuyar gaske - amma zabar launi daban-daban na tushe yana buƙatar ƙirƙirar sabon saiti na inuwa da tints. Yin hakan da hannu, akai-akai, da sauri ya zama mai wahala.
Na ambaci HSL - H (hue), S (jikewa), da L (haske) - sararin launi, amma wannan ɗaya ne daga cikin hanyoyi da yawa don kwatanta launi. RGB - R (ja), G (kore), B (blue) - tabbas shine mafi saba, aƙalla a cikin sigar Hex. Akwai kuma LAB - L (haske), A (kore-ja), B (blue-rawaya) - da kuma sabon, amma yanzu yadu goyon bayan LCH - L (lightness), C (chroma), H (hue) - model a cikin OKLCH form. Tare da LCH - musamman OKLCH a cikin CSS - Zan iya daidaita ƙimar haske na launi na tushe.
Ko kuma zan iya canza chroma. LCH chroma da jikewar HSL duka suna bayyana ƙarfi ko wadatar launi, amma suna yin haka ta hanyoyi daban-daban. LCH yana ba ni faffadan kewayo da gaurayawan tsinkaya tsakanin launuka.
Hakanan zan iya canza launin don ƙirƙirar palette na launuka waɗanda ke raba haske iri ɗaya da ƙimar chroma. A cikin HSL da LCH duka, bakan launi yana farawa da ja, yana motsawa ta kore da shuɗi, kuma yana komawa ja.
Me yasa OKLCH ya canza Yadda nake Tunanin Launi Tallafin mai bincike don sararin launi na OKLCH yanzu ya yadu, koda kayan aikin ƙira - gami da Sketch - ba su kama ba. Abin farin ciki, hakan bai kamata ya hana ku amfani da OKLCH ba. Masu bincike za su juya Hex, HSL, LAB, da ƙimar RGB cikin farin ciki zuwa OKLCH a gare ku. Kuna iya ayyana kayan al'ada na CSS tare da launi tushe a kowane sarari, gami da Hex: /* Launin tushe */ --tushen: #5acd6;
Duk wani launi da aka samo daga gare ta za a canza shi zuwa OKLCH ta atomatik: --haske-haske: oklch (daga var (- tushe) [...]; } --fasahar-tsakiyar: oklch (daga var (--kafuwar) [...]; } --fasahar-duhu: oklch (daga var (-kafuwar) [...]; }
Launuka Dangi A Matsayin Tsarin Zane Ka yi la'akari da launi na dangi kamar yana cewa: "Ɗauki wannan launi, tweak shi, sannan ku ba ni sakamakon." Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don daidaita launi: cikakken canje-canje da canje-canje na daidaituwa. Suna kama da juna a cikin lambar, amma suna nuna bambanci da zarar kun fara musanya launukan tushe. Fahimtar wannan bambancin shine abin da zai iya juya ta amfani da launi na dangi zuwa tsarin. /* Launin tushe */ --tushen: #5acd6;
Misali, ƙimar haske na launi na tushe shine 0.7837, yayin da sigar duhu tana da ƙimar 0.5837. Don ƙididdige bambancin, Ina cire ƙananan ƙimar daga mafi girma kuma in yi amfani da sakamakon ta amfani da aikin calc(): -- tushe-duhu: oklch (daga var (- tushe) calc (l - 0.20) c h;
Don cimma launi mai sauƙi, na ƙara bambanci maimakon: --tushen-haske: oklch (daga var (- tushe) calc (l + 0.10) c h;
Chromagyare-gyare suna bin tsari iri ɗaya. Don rage tsananin launi na tushe daga 0.1035 zuwa 0.0035, na cire ƙima ɗaya daga ɗayan: oklch (daga var (- tushe) l calc (c - 0.10) h;
Don ƙirƙirar palette na hues, na lissafta bambanci tsakanin ƙimar hue na launi na tushe (200) da sabon hue na (260): oklch (daga var (- tushe) l c calc (h + 60));
Wadancan lissafin cikakke ne. Lokacin da na rage ƙayyadaddun adadin, Ina faɗi da kyau, "Koyaushe rage wannan da yawa." Hakanan yana aiki lokacin ƙara ƙayyadaddun ƙididdiga: kal (c - 0.10) Calc (c + 0.10)
Na koyi iyakar wannan hanya da wuya. Lokacin da na dogara da rage ƙayyadaddun ƙimar chroma, launuka sun rushe zuwa launin toka da zaran na canza tushe. palette mai aiki don launi ɗaya ya faɗi don wani. Yawaita yana nuna hali daban. Lokacin da na ninka chroma, ina gaya wa mai binciken: "Rage ƙarfin wannan launi da kaso." Dangantakar da ke tsakanin launuka tana nan lafiya, koda lokacin da tushe ya canza: calc (c * 0.10)
Matsar da Nawa, Sikelinsa, Juyawa Yana Doka
Matsar da haske (ƙara ko ragi), Sikelin chroma (yawan yawa), Juya launi (ƙara ko rage digiri).
Ina auna chroma saboda ina son canje-canje masu ƙarfi su kasance daidai da launi na tushe. Dangantaka mai laushi suna jujjuyawa, don haka haɓaka launi ba shi da ma'ana. Hasken fahimta ne kuma cikakke - ninka shi sau da yawa yana haifar da sakamako mara kyau.
Daga Launi Daya Zuwa Gabaɗaya Jigo Launi na dangi yana ba ni damar ayyana launin tushe da samar da kowane launi da nake buƙata - cikawa, bugun jini, tsayawar gradient, inuwa - daga gare ta. A wannan lokacin, launi ya daina zama palette kuma ya fara zama tsarin. Misalai na SVG sun kasance suna sake amfani da ƴan launuka iri ɗaya a cikin cika, bugun jini, da gradients. Launi na dangi yana ba ku damar ayyana waɗannan alaƙa sau ɗaya kuma ku sake amfani da su a ko'ina - kamar masu raye-raye sun sake yin amfani da bayanan baya don ƙirƙirar sabbin fage.
Canja launin tushe sau ɗaya, kuma kowane launi da aka samu yana sabuntawa ta atomatik, ba tare da sake ƙididdige wani abu da hannu ba. Bayan zane mai rai, zan iya amfani da wannan hanya ɗaya don ayyana launuka don jihohin abubuwan mu'amala kamar maɓalli da hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa. Launin tushe da na yi amfani da shi a cikin taken "Lullabye-Bye Bear" Tukin Toon ɗin shuɗi ne mai kamannin cyan. Bayan baya shine radial gradient tsakanin tushe na da sigar duhu.
Don ƙirƙirar wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan yanayi daban-daban, Ina buƙatar canza launin tushe kawai: --tushen: #5acd6; --grad-karshen: var (--tushen); --grad-farawa: oklch (daga var (--kafuwar) calc (l - 0.2357) calc (c * 0.833) h);
Don ɗaure waɗancan kaddarorin na al'ada ga gradient na SVG ba tare da kwafin ƙimar launi ba, na maye gurbin ƙima mai tsauri mai tsauri tare da salon layi:
Na gaba, Ina buƙatar tabbatar da cewa Rubutun Toon na koyaushe yana bambanta da kowane launi na tushe na zaɓa. Juyin juzu'i na 180deg yana haifar da launi mai dacewa wanda tabbas yana fitowa - amma yana iya girgiza cikin rashin jin daɗi: .hasken rubutu { cika: oklch (daga var (- tushe) l c calc (h + 180)); }
Canjin 90° yana samar da launi na biyu mai haske ba tare da cikakkiyar ma'amala ba: .hasken rubutu { cika: oklch (daga var (- tushe) l c calc (h - 90)); }
Nishaɗina na Taken Toon na Quick Draw McGraw na 1959 "El Kabong" yana amfani da dabaru iri ɗaya amma tare da palette daban-daban. Misali, akwai wani radial gradient tsakanin launin tushe da inuwa mai duhu.
Ginin da bishiyar a bayan fage kawai inuwa iri ɗaya ce mai launin tushe iri ɗaya. Don waɗannan hanyoyin, Ina buƙatar ƙarin cikakkun launuka biyu: .bg-tsakiyar { cika: oklch (daga var (- tushe) calc (l - 0.04) calc (c * 0.91) h); }
.bg-duhu { cika: oklch (daga var (- tushe) calc (l - 0.12) calc (c * 0.64) h); }
Lokacin da Tushen Fara Motsawa
Ya zuwa yanzu, duk abin da na nuna ya kasance a tsaye. Ko da wani ya yi amfani da mai ɗaukar launi don canza launin tushe, canjin ya faru nan take. Amma zane-zane mai rai da wuya ya tsaya cak - alamar tana cikin sunan. Don haka, idan launi wani ɓangare ne na tsarin, babu wani dalili da ba zai iya rayayye ba, kuma.
Don raya launin tushe, da farko na buƙaci raba shi zuwa tashoshi na OKLCH- haske, chroma, da launi. Amma akwai ƙarin mataki mai mahimmanci: Ina buƙatar yin rajistar waɗannan dabi'un azaman kaddarorin al'ada. Amma me hakan ke nufi?
Ta hanyar tsoho, mai bincike baya sanin ko ƙimar kadarorin al'ada ta CSS tana wakiltar launi, tsayi, lamba, ko wani abu gaba ɗaya. Wannan sau da yawa yana nufin ba za a iya haɗa su cikin sauƙi a lokacin motsin rai ba, kuma suna tsalle daga ƙimar ɗaya zuwa na gaba.
Yin rijistar kadarorin al'ada yana gaya wa mai binciken nau'in ƙimar da yake wakilta da yadda ya kamata ya kasance cikin lokaci. A wannan yanayin, Ina son mai lilo ya ɗauki tashoshi masu launi na a matsayin lambobi don a iya motsa su cikin sauƙi.
@property --f-l {
syntax: "
@property --f-c {
syntax: "
@property --f-h {
syntax: "
Da zarar an yi rajista, waɗannan kaddarorin na al'ada suna zama kamar CSS na asali. Mai lilo zai iya haɗa su da firam-by-frame. Na sake gina launi na tushe daga waɗannan tashoshi: --tushen: oklch (var (-f-l) var (-f-c) var (--f-h));
Wannan yana sa launin tushe ya zama mai raye-raye, kamar kowane ƙimar lamba. Anan ga raye-rayen "numfashi" mai sauƙi wanda ke canza haske a hankali akan lokaci: @keyframes numfashi { 0%, 100% {-f-l: 0.36; } 50% {-f-l: 0.46; } }
.toon- take { rayarwa: numfashi 10s sauƙi-in-fita mara iyaka; }
Domin kowane launi na cika, gradients, da bugun jini an samo su daga tushe, duk suna rayuwa tare, kuma babu abin da ke buƙatar sabuntawa da hannu. Launi Mai Raɗaɗi ɗaya, Tasiri da yawa A farkon wannan tsari, na yi mamakin ko ƙimar launi na CSS na iya ba da ƙarin dama yayin da kuma sanya su sauƙi don aiwatarwa. Kwanan nan na ƙara sabon asalin ma'adanin zinari zuwa shafin sadarwar gidan yanar gizona, kuma farkon fitowar ya haɗa da fitilun mai waɗanda ke walƙiya da lilo.
Ina so in gano yadda rayayyun launukan dangi na CSS zai iya sa cikin ma'adinan ya zama tabbatacce ta hanyar sanya shi da launuka daga fitilu. Ina so su shafi duniyar da ke kewaye da su, yadda haske na gaske yake yi. Don haka, maimakon raya launuka masu yawa, na gina ƙaramin tsarin haske wanda ke ɗaukar launi ɗaya kawai.
Aikina na farko shi ne sanya abin rufe fuska tsakanin bango da fituluna:
Na yi amfani da yanayin hade-haɗe: launi saboda wannan tints abin da ke ƙarƙashinsa yayin da yake kiyaye haske. Kamar yadda kawai nake son abin rufe fuska ya kasance a bayyane lokacin da aka kunna raye-raye, na yi shigar mai rufi: .svg-mine #overlay { nuni: babu; }
@media (yana son-rage-motsi: babu fifiko) { .svg-mine[data-animations=on] #overlay { nuni: toshe; m: 0.5; } }
Mai rufi yana wurin, amma har yanzu ba a haɗa shi da fitilun ba. Ina bukatan tushen haske Fitilana masu sauƙi ne, kuma kowanne ɗaya yana ɗauke da ɓangarorin da'irar da na dushe tare da tacewa. Tace tana samar da blush mai taushi sosai akan gaba dayan da'irar.
Maimakon kunna abin rufe fuska da fitilu daban, Ina raye-rayen alamar launi "harshen" guda ɗaya kuma in sami komai daga wancan. Na farko, na yi rajistar kaddarorin al'ada guda uku don tashoshin OKLCH:
@property --fl-l {
syntax: "
Na zazzage waɗancan tashoshi, da gangan na tura wasu firam ɗin zuwa orange don haka flicker ya karanta a fili azaman hasken wuta:
@maɓallin wuta { 0%, 100% {-fl-l: 0.86; --fl-c: 0.12; --fl-h: 95; } 6% {-fl-l: 0.91; --fl-c: 0.10; --fl-h: 92; } 12% {-fl-l: 0.83; --fl-c: 0.14; --fl-h: 100; } 18% {-fl-l: 0.88; --fl-c: 0.11; --fl-h: 94; } 24% {-fl-l: 0.82; --fl-c: 0.16; --fl-h: 82; } 30% {-fl-l: 0.90; --fl-c: 0.12; --fl-h: 90; } 36% {-fl-l: 0.79; --fl-c: 0.17; --fl-h: 76; } 44% {-fl-l: 0.87; --fl-c: 0.12; --fl-h: 96; } 52% {-fl-l: 0.81; --fl-c: 0.15; --fl-h: 102; } 60% {-fl-l: 0.89; --fl-c: 0.11; --fl-h: 93; } 68% {-fl-l: 0.83; --fl-c: 0.16; --fl-h: 85; } 76% {-fl-l: 0.91; --fl-c: 0.10; --fl-h: 91; } 84% {-fl-l: 0.85; --fl-c: 0.14; --fl-h: 98; } 92% {--fl: 0.80; --fl-c: 0.17; --fl-h: 74; } }
Sannan na keɓance wannan motsin zuwa SVG, don haka bambance-bambancen da aka raba suna samuwa ga duka fitilu da rufi na:
@media (yana son-rage-motsi: babu fifiko) { .svg-mine[data-animations=on] { rayarwa: harshen wuta 3.6s madaidaiciya madaidaiciya; ware: ware;
/* Gina launi na harshen wuta daga tashoshi masu rai */ --flame: oklch (var (--fl-l) var (--fl-c) var (--fl-h));
/* Launin fitila da aka samo daga harshen wuta */ --lamp-core: oklch (daga var (--flame) calc (l + 0.05) calc (c * 0.70) h);
/* Tint mai rufi wanda aka samo daga harshen wuta ɗaya */ --overlay-tint: oklch (daga var (-- harshen wuta) calc (l + 0.06) calc (c * 0.65) calc (h - 10)); } }
A ƙarshe, na yi amfani da waɗannan launukan da aka samu zuwa fitilu masu haskakawa da abin da suka shafi: @media (yana son-rage-motsi: babu fifiko) { .svg-mine[data-animations=on] #mine-lamp-1> da'irar, .svg-mine[data-animations=on] #mine-lamp-2> da'irar { cika: var (--lamp-core); }
.svg-mine[data-animations=on] #overlay { nuni: toshe; cika: var (--overlay-tint); m: 0.5; } }
Lokacin da harshen wuta ya juya zuwa orange, fitilu suna dumama, kuma yanayin yana dumama dasu. Lokacin da harshen wuta ya huce, komai ya daidaita tare. Mafi kyawun sashi shine cewa babu abin da aka rubuta da hannu. Idan na canza launi na tushe ko tweak jeri na raye-rayen harshen wuta, duk tsarin hasken yana ɗaukaka lokaci guda. Kuna iya ganin sakamako na ƙarshe akan gidan yanar gizona. Sake amfani, Maimaitawa, Sake ziyartan Waɗancan masu raye-rayen Hanna-Barbera an tilasta musu su mayar da abubuwa saboda larura, amma na sake amfani da launuka saboda yana sa aikina ya zama daidai da sauƙin kiyayewa. Ƙimar launi na CSS sun ba ni damar:
Ƙayyade launi guda ɗaya, Bayyana yadda sauran launuka ke da alaƙa da shi, Sake amfani da waɗannan alaƙa a ko'ina, kuma Rarraba tsarin ta canza ƙima ɗaya.
Launi na dangi ba kawai sauƙaƙe jigo ba. Yana ƙarfafa hanyar tunani inda launi, kamar motsi, yake da niyya - kuma inda canza ƙima ɗaya zai iya canza yanayin gaba ɗaya ba tare da sake rubuta aikin da ke ƙarƙashinsa ba.
